Terms : Hide Images
| 566891918 | DNA replication | the process by which a DNA molecule is copied, and how cells repair their DNA | |
| 566891919 | bacteriophage | viruses that infect bacter; aka phages | |
| 566891920 | double helix | the presence of two DNA strands | |
| 566891921 | antiparallel | when DNA subunits run in opposite directions | |
| 566891922 | semiconservative model | when a double helix replicates, each of the two daughter molecules will have one old strand, from the parental molecule, and one newly made strand | |
| 566891923 | origins of replication | when the replication of DNA begins | |
| 566891924 | replication fork | a y-shaped region where the parental strands of DNA are being unwound | |
| 566891925 | helicases | enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands | |
| 566891926 | single strand binding proteins | bind to unpaired DNA strands, keeping them from re-pairing | |
| 566891927 | topoisomerase | helps relieve strain from the untwisting of DNA by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands | |
| 566891928 | primer | the initial nucleotide chain that is produced during DNA synthesis that is a short stretch of RNA, not DNA | |
| 566891929 | primase | the enzyme that synthesizes primer | |
| 566891930 | leading strand | new complimentary strand of DNA that is being continuously made by pol 3 | |
| 566891931 | lagging strand | the DNA strand elongating in the 5'-->3' direction. pol 3 works away from replication fork | |
| 566891932 | okazaki fragments | fragments that are being synthesized on the lagging strand | |
| 566891933 | DNA ligase | connects okazaki fragments by joining the sugar-phosphate backbones of the fragments into a continuous DNA strand | |
| 566891934 | mismatch pair | other enzymes remove and replace incorrectly paired nucleotides that have resulted from replication errors | |
| 566891935 | nuclease | DNA cutting enzyme that cuts out incorrectly paired nucleotides | |
| 566891936 | nucleotide excision repair | DNA repairing system involved in filling gap made by nuclease | |
| 566891937 | telomeres | special nucleotide sequences that the end of DNA molecules. they are multiple repetitions of one short nucleotide sequence | |
| 566891938 | telomerase | an enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomers in eukaryotic gem cell, thus restoring their original length and compensating for the shortening that occurs during DNA replication | |
| 566891939 | chromatin | complex of DNA and protein | |
| 566891940 | heterochromatin | type of interphase chromatin visible as irregular clumps with a light microscope | |
| 566891941 | euchromatin | less compacted, more dispersed chromatin; aka true chomatin |
