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| 14805246751 | Population | A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. | 0 | |
| 14805251738 | Environmental and Social Factors | Populations disperse in a variety of ways that are influenced by ____________ | 1 | |
| 14805265999 | Uniform Distribution | results from intense competition or antagonism between individuals | 2 | |
| 14805268801 | Random Distribution | occurs when there is no competition, antagonism, or tendency to aggregate | 3 | |
| 14805272058 | Clumping | the most common distribution because environmental conditions are seldom uniform | 4 | |
| 14805283035 | Mechanism Against Predation & Efficient Mechanism to trap or corner prey | Clumped distribution in species acts as a ____________________ as well as a _________________. It has been shown that ______ packs of animals tend to have a _______ number of successful kills. | 5 | |
| 14805304319 | Influence of Dispersal on Distribution EX: Cattle egrets late 1800's. | Natural range expansion show the: | 6 | |
| 14805313023 | Adaptive Radiation EX: Hawaiian Silverswords from North American Tarweed. | Long-distance dispersal can lead to | 7 | |
| 14805326343 | 1957 - 1998. No natural predators. | Spread of the Africanized Honeybee | 8 | |
| 14805331367 | North American Birds British Vascular Plants | Small Geographic range | 9 | |
| 14805345235 | Worldwide - Continental - Regional - Physiographic- Cluster - Locality - Colony - Clump | ORDER OF LARGE GEOGRAPHIC RANGE | 10 | |
| 14805361121 | Climate North hot / wet, seasonal drought. Red kangaroos arid / semiarid interior, precipitation low. SE Australia cool, wet. S AUS cool, most winter and warm, dry summer. | Kangaroo Interactions | 11 | |
| 14805372393 | Mark & Recapture (Moving) / Grid (Not Moving) | Estimating Population Size | 12 | |
| 14805376836 | S/N = x /n. S = # individuals marked and released 1st sample. x = # individuals already marked and released 2nd sample. n = Total # individuals 2nd sample. N = Estimated population size. Rearrange: N = sn/x | M&R Formula | 13 | |
| 14805410253 | Long (humans / type 1) Middle (hydra / Prairie dog / / type 2) Low (oyster / type 3) | Survivorship curves | 14 | |
| 14805497934 | dN/dt = B-D change in pop size / change in time = birth rate - death rate | Population Growth Curve | 15 | |
| 14805517809 | idealized population in an unlimited environment (j-curve), can't continue indefinitely. r-selected species. r = per capita growth rate. | Exponential Model | 16 | |
| 14805526979 | dN/dt = rmaxN rmax = maximum per capita growth | Exponential Model equation | 17 | |
| 14805532976 | Considers population density on growth (S-curve), carrying capacity (K), max pop that a particular environment can support. K-selected species. dN/dt = rmaxN(K-N/K) | Logistic Model | 18 | |
| 14805559402 | Per capita rate of increase (rmax) declines as carrying capacity (K) is reached. Starts with exponential model and adds expression that reduces per capita rate of increase as N approaches K. | Logistic Growth Curves | 19 | |
| 14805584987 | Exponential is biotic potential. X-line above is carrying capacity. Space between logistic and exponential is environmental resistance. | Growth Curve Relationship |  | 20 |
| 14805662053 | Opportunistic Short maturation & lifespan Many offspring, 1 early repro No parental High deah | R-Selected | 21 | |
| 14805667317 | Equilibrial Long maturation & life Few large off, sever late repro Extensive parental Low death | K-Selected | 22 | |
| 14805678407 | Overshoots K and then settles down | Paramecium | 23 | |
| 14805682042 | Fluctuate greatly, hard to define K | Daphnia | 24 | |
| 14805696178 | Rapid growth | Afghanistan | 25 | |
| 14805696179 | Slow growth | United States | 26 | |
| 14805698573 | No growth | Italy | 27 | |
| 14805751612 | Ecological time, evolutionary time | Events that occur in the framework of _________________________ (minutes, months, years) translate into effects over the longer scale of ______________ (decades, centuries, millenia, longer) How organisms respond and how they are distributed. | 28 | |
| 14805766740 | Selective Pressure, Variation, Inheritance | Natural Selection 3 Ideas |  | 29 |
| 14805780204 | Ground, Warbler, Tree Parrot, Grasping, Probing, Crushing Fruit, Insect, Cactus, Seed. | Finch types and beaks | 30 | |
| 14805791454 | Disruptive, Stabilizing, Directional | Modes of Selection |  | 31 |
| 14805804210 | Bi-modal curve, extreme traits favored | Disruptive Selection | 32 | |
| 14805806669 | Reduces variance over time, traits closer to mean | Stabilizing | 33 | |
| 14805809104 | Favors a phenotypic trait (selected by environment) | Directional | 34 | |
| 14805840020 | Limits on Distribution of Species, Biogeography | __________________ servers as a starting point to understanding the ____________________________ |  | 35 |
| 14805853845 | Hydrangea, pH of their soil light, soil pH. soil pH. | __________ react to the environment and display phenotype based on _______________. Affected by ______ and _______. ____ exerts main influence on color. | 36 | |
| 14805879556 | Nature, human interactions. | Fish and other aquatic animals deal with changing environments in part due to _____ and in part due to _______. | 37 | |
| 14805891083 | Their bladder fills with gas to equalize internal pressure. | Fish Pressure |  | 38 |
| 14805902298 | Nearctic, Neotropical, Ethiopian, Palearctic, Oriental, Australian. | Biogeographical Realms |  | 39 |
| 14805921933 | No predators, parasites, pathogens that limit populations in native habitats. Disrupt new community by preying on native organisms and outcompeting for resources. | Introduced Species | 40 | |
| 14805931008 | Brown Tree Snake South Pacific World War 2. 12 birds, 6 lizards extinct as a result. No native snakes. | Guam Invasive Species | 41 | |
| 14805938805 | Kudzu Asian Plant introduced by US Dept of Ag good intentions. Japanese Pavilion 1876 Centennial Exposition. Help control erosion, has taken over large areas of landscape. | South U.S | 42 | |
| 14805975901 | European Starling from England. Release every bird named by Shakespeare. Skylarks and song failed, starling continues. Cosliest and noxious. Roosting in hordes of 1 mil, can devour stores of seed and fruit, offsetting insect eating benefit. 20 tons of potatoes in one day. | New York | 43 | |
| 14805998365 | Native to Black Sea and Caspian Sea. Invasive NA, GB, Ire, Ital, Spain, Sweden. Disrupt with monotypic colonization, damage harbors & waterways, ships and boats, water treatment & power plants. WT most impacted water intakes bring microscopic larvae into facilities. Cling on to pipes under water and clog them. | Zebra Museels |  | 44 |
| 14806017430 | Shows fish tolerance | Tolerance Chart |  | 45 |
| 14806037794 | During all life stages compete with native species for food and habitat. Young: Zooplankton, insect larvae, small crustaceans, young of others. Adult: Fish, crust, frogs, reptiles, birds / mammals Disrupt food webs & ecological conditions, forever change native aquatic systems by modifying the array of native species. | Snakehead Fish | 46 | |
| 14806054016 | Sea Urchins are limiting biotic factor, more should invade an area where they have been removed. | W.J.Fletcher |  | 47 |
| 14806075468 | Relationship between temperature and precipitation | Relationship between ________ and _________. |  | 48 |
