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| 5024321190 | atom | the smallest particle of an element that still has the characteristics of that element | 0 | |
| 5024323529 | element | a substance that is composed of only one type of atom | 1 | |
| 5024323530 | isotope | an atom of an element that contains a different number of neutrons than denoted in the periodic table | 2 | |
| 5024326579 | compound | atoms of two or more different types of elements that are chemically bonded together | 3 | |
| 5024326580 | molecule | two or more atoms that are covalently bonded together | 4 | |
| 5024330319 | ionic bond | one atom donates electrons which the other accepts, causing opposite charges that attract | 5 | |
| 5024547527 | polar covalent bond | uneven sharing of electrons causes one end of a molecule to have a positive charge while the opposite end takes on a negative charge. | 6 | |
| 5024564315 | nonpolar covalent bond | symmetry and size of atoms in a molecule allow for valence electrons to be shared equally | 7 | |
| 5024592325 | hydrogen bond | the positively charged hydrogen of one polar molecule forms an attraction to the more negatively charged (electronegative) oxygen or nitrogen of another polar molecule | 8 | |
| 5024620377 | cohesion | a water molecule is attracted to other water molecules | 9 | |
| 5024624144 | adhesion | water molecules are attracted to other substances | 10 | |
| 5024628556 | capillary action | due to both its adhesive and cohesive properties, water seems to crawl up thin tubes such as the xylem of plants | 11 | |
| 5024641080 | moderation of temperature | due to water's high specific heat, it can absorb and/or lose a lot of energy before changing temperature helping to keep large temperature fluctuations at a minimum. | 12 | |
| 5024653218 | specific heat | the amount of energy needed to raise 1 ml of a substance 1 degree Celcius | 13 | |
| 5033387505 | universal solvent | water's polarity gives it the ability to dissolve all polar and ionic substances | 14 | |
| 5033391603 | hydrophobic | repelled by water | 15 | |
| 5033394413 | hydrophilic | attracted to water | 16 | |
| 5033398637 | Acid's taste | sour | 17 | |
| 5033400580 | Acid's pH | below 7 | 18 | |
| 5033408561 | Acid | substance that donates H+ ions in solution | 19 | |
| 5033413604 | Base's taste | bitter | 20 | |
| 5033415615 | Base's pH | above 7 | 21 | |
| 5033418663 | water's pH | neutral (7) | 22 | |
| 5033431976 | Base | substance that donates OH- ions in solution | 23 | |
| 5033444135 | pH 5 | H+ ion concentration of 1 X 10 ^-5 | 24 | |
| 5033552484 | pH 8 --> pH 10 | decrease of 100 x H+ ion concentration (1 x 10^-8 --> 1 x 10^ -10) | 25 | |
| 5033570102 | buffer | substance that absorbs excess H+ ions from an acid or OH- ions from a base in order to keep the pH from fluctuating greatly | 26 | |
| 5033662895 | CHNOPS | 6 most common elements found in living things | 27 | |
| 5033689338 | Oxygen | most common element in human body | 28 | |
| 5033797998 | Why lipids nonpolar | fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains | 29 | |
| 5033802290 | amino group |  | 30 | |
| 5033809979 | carbonyl group |  | 31 | |
| 5033822382 | carboxyl group |  | 32 | |
| 5033826530 | hydroxyl group |  | 33 | |
| 5033830688 | phosphate group |  | 34 | |
| 5033838571 | sulfhydryl group |  | 35 | |
| 5033845161 | polymer | long chains of monomers | 36 | |
| 5033846717 | monomer | smaller molecular sub-units that make up polymers | 37 | |
| 5033852346 | lipids | used for long term energy storage waterproof coatings insulation cell membranes hormones | 38 | |
| 5033863766 | steroids | lipids that make up several hormones |  | 39 |
| 5033869903 | carbohydrates | used for short term energy storage and some structural material |  | 40 |
| 5033883921 | triglycerides | fats used for long term energy storage and insulation |  | 41 |
| 5033889561 | phospholipids | main component of cellular membranes |  | 42 |
| 5033895557 | monosaccharides | simple sugars that are also the monomers of carbohydrates | 43 | |
| 5033901787 | disaccharides | 2 monosaccharides covalently bonded together | 44 | |
| 5033906430 | polysaccharides | long chains of monosaccharides used for energy and structural components | 45 | |
| 5033912374 | glycogen | polysaccharide found in animals | 46 | |
| 5033913793 | starch | polysaccharide used for energy storage in plants | 47 | |
| 5033919050 | cellulose | polysaccharide used for structural material in plants | 48 | |
| 5033926445 | fatty acids | monomers of triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes |  | 49 |
| 5033930460 | sterols | monomers of steroids |  | 50 |
| 5033933128 | proteins | used for catalysts structure transport receptors hormones | 51 | |
| 5033939529 | amino acids | monomer of protein |  | 52 |
| 5033950710 | enzymes | substances (mostly proteins) that act as biological catalysts | 53 | |
| 5033966419 | nucleic acids | used for storage and transfer of genetic information synthesis of proteins high-energy molecules used by cells | 54 | |
| 5033974002 | nucleotides | monomers of nucleic acids |  | 55 |
| 5033980218 | ATP | adenosine triphosphate--energy molecule used in cells |  | 56 |
| 5033988417 | functional groups | determine chemical characteristics of organic molecules | 57 | |
| 5033994169 | saturated fatty acids | carbons form all single bonds solid at room temperature found mostly in animals |  | 58 |
| 5034004929 | unsaturated fatty acids | contain at least one double bond (monounsaturated) or more (polyunsaturated) "kinked" liquid at room temperature oils |  | 59 |
| 5034019230 | dehydration synthesis | links monomers into polymers, creates a molecule of water, also called condensation reaction | 60 | |
| 5034022353 | condensation reaction | links monomers into polymers, creates a molecule of water, also called dehydration synthesis | 61 | |
| 5034033104 | hydrolysis | uses water to break bonds in polymers, also called digestion | 62 | |
| 5034039057 | digestion | uses water to break bonds in polymers, also called hydrolysis | 63 |
