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AP Biology: Animal Behavior Flashcards

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7771079977Ethologystudy of animal behavior0
7771079978Behaviorwhat an animal does and how it does it1
7771079979Instinct (Innate) Behaviorbehaviors that are inherited2
7771079980Kinesisrandom movement of animal in relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of activity or movement.3
7771079981Fixed-action Patternssequence of unlearned acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed4
7771079982Signalstimulus that causes change in behavior5
7771079983Learned BehaviorsBehaviors that are modified based on specific experiences example: nest building6
7771079984Habituationloss of responsiveness to stimuli with little or no meaning; animal can ignore meaningless stimuli7
7771079985Associative Learningability to connect one stimulus with another8
7771079986Classical Conditioningarbitrary stimulus associated with particular outcome example: training a dog9
7771079987Operant Conditioning (trial and error)when faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best reward. example: students who study to improve their grades10
7771079988Cognitionprocess of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgement11
7771079989Social Learninglearning by observing others12
7771079990Altruismengaging in behavior that doesn't help you, but helps rest of population (selfless)13
7771079991Inclusive Fitnesstotal effect of producing offspring and helping relatives14
7771079992Kin Selectionaltruistic behavior that enhances reproductive success of relatives15
7771079993Agonistic Behaviorthreats, rituals, and combat; settles disputes over resources, asserting dominance16
7771079994Foragingfood obtaining behavior17
7771079995Sexual Selectionseeking and attracting mates/choosing and competing for males18
7771079996PheromonesChemical signals19
7771079998ImprintingSome baby bird species will follow the first moving object they see usually the mother. example: ducks20
7771079999Migrationorganisms move from one place to another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability. example: geese, monarch butterflies21
7771080000HibernationAn organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape cold temperatures example: bears, chipmunks, frogs22
7771080001EstivationAn organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape hot temperatures. example: African bullfrog, fringe toed lizard, turtle23
7771080002Positive ChemotaxisAn organism responds to a chemical by moving towards it. example: male cockroach pheromones attract females24
7771080003Negative ChemotaxisAn organism responds to a chemical by moving away from it. example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals25
7771080004Positive PhototaxisAn organism responds to light by moving towards it. example: moths to a light26
7771080005Negative PhototaxisAn organism responds to light by moving away from it. example: moles live underground27

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