Terms : Hide Images
| 6109351100 | ionic bond | bond resulting from a transfer of electrons |  | 0 |
| 6109351101 | covalent bond | bond resulting from the sharing of electrons |  | 1 |
| 6109351102 | nonpolar | electrons shared equally |  | 2 |
| 6109351103 | polar | electrons shared unequally |  | 3 |
| 6109351104 | buffer | substance that resists changes in pH | 4 | |
| 6109351105 | isomer | organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structure |  | 5 |
| 6109351106 | structural isomer | isomer differing in the arrangement of atoms |  | 6 |
| 6109351107 | geometric isomer | isomer differing in the spacial arrangement of double bonds |  | 7 |
| 6109351108 | optical isomers / enantiomer | isomers that are mirror images of each other |  | 8 |
| 6109351109 | monosaccharide | C6H12O6 simple sugar; glucose, galactose, and fructose |  | 9 |
| 6109351110 | disaccharide | two monosaccharides joined together; C12H22O1; maltose, lactose, and sucrose |  | 10 |
| 6109351111 | dehydration synthesis | condensation; joining compounds together with water released |  | 11 |
| 6109351112 | hydrolysis | breakdown of a compound by adding water |  | 12 |
| 6109351113 | polysaccharide | polymers of carbohydrates |  | 13 |
| 6109351114 | cellulose | structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls |  | 14 |
| 6109351115 | starch | storage polysaccharide found in plants |  | 15 |
| 6109351116 | glycerol | alcohol portion of a lipid |  | 16 |
| 6109351117 | fatty acid | hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids |  | 17 |
| 6109351118 | saturated fat | fat without double bonds |  | 18 |
| 6109351119 | unsaturated fat | fat with double bonds |  | 19 |
| 6109351120 | steroid | lipid with a four fused ring structure; cholesterol and testosterone |  | 20 |
| 6109351121 | peptide bond | bond creating amino acid chains or polymers |  | 21 |
| 6109351122 | primary structure | linear sequence of amino acids; peptide bonds |  | 22 |
| 6109351123 | secondary structure | protein formed with hydrogen bonds |  | 23 |
| 6109351124 | tertiary structure | 3D conformation formed; determines specificity |  | 24 |
| 6109351125 | quaternary structure | protein with more than one polypeptide chain |  | 25 |
| 6109351126 | alpha helix | secondary structure form of a protein; human hair (keratin) |  | 26 |
| 6109351127 | beta pleated sheet | secondary structure form of a protein; spider webs and silk |  | 27 |
| 6109351128 | functional group | components of organic molecules most often involved in chemical reactions | 28 | |
| 6109351129 | metabolism | sum of all chemical reactions that take place in cell | 29 | |
| 6109351130 | enzyme | catalytic protein that lowers a reaction's energy of activation |  | 30 |
| 6109351131 | induced fit model | enzyme model where the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape slightly so it fits better |  | 31 |
| 6109351132 | cofactor | inorganic enzyme assist |  | 32 |
| 6109351133 | coenzyme | organic enzyme assist (vitamins) |  | 33 |
| 6109351134 | competitive inhibition | compounds that look like the normal substrate compete for the same active site on the enzyme |  | 34 |
| 6109351135 | noncompetitive inhibition | more than one active site and the substrates do not look like each other |  | 35 |
| 6109351136 | allosteric inhibition | two active sites, one for a substrate and one for an inhibitor |  | 36 |
| 6109351137 | cohesion | capacity to resist tension to rupture |  | 37 |
| 6109351138 | salt | compound that releases ion other than H+ or OH- when dissolved in water | 38 | |
| 6109351139 | chemical equilibrium | when the reaction rate is about the same in either direction | 39 | |
| 6109351140 | polymer | long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |  | 40 |
| 6109351141 | monomer | building block for polymers; only made by producers | | 41 |
| 6109351142 | adhesion | attraction between different kinds of molecules | | 42 |
| 6109351143 | surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid |  | 43 |
| 6109351144 | van der Waals interactions | tertiary structure; weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized charge fluctuations |  | 44 |
| 6109351145 | evaporative cooling / heat of vaporization | property of a liquid where the surface becomes cooler during evaporation due to the loss of molecules |  | 45 |
| 6109351146 | disulfide bridge | tertiary structure; strong covalent bond formed when one sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another |  | 46 |
| 6109351147 | hydrophobic interaction | tertiary structure; weak chemical bond formed when molecules that do not mix with water change to exclude the water |  | 47 |
| 6109351148 | hydrocarbon | organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon |  | 48 |
| 6109351149 | macromolecule | giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules |  | 49 |
| 6109351150 | glycosodic linkage | covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction | 50 | |
| 6109351151 | nucleotide | building block of a nucleic acid; five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogen base and a phosphate group |  | 51 |
| 6109351152 | pyramidine | cytosine, thymine, and uracil; six-membered ring |  | 52 |
| 6109351153 | purine | adenine and guanine; six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring |  | 53 |
| 6109351154 | hydroxyl | hydrogen bonded to oxygen bonded to an organic molecule's carbon skeleton; alcohol; polar |  | 54 |
| 6109351155 | carbonyl | carbon double bonded to oxygen; ketones and aldehydes |  | 55 |
| 6109351156 | carboxyl | oxygen double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group |  | 56 |
| 6109351157 | amine | nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton |  | 57 |
| 6109351158 | sulfhydryl | sulfur bonded to hydrogen in roughly the shape of a hydroxyl; cysteine |  | 58 |
| 6109351159 | phosphate | phosphorous bonded to four oxygens, two have negative charges, one is bonded to the carbon skeleton; phospholipid |  | 59 |
| 6109351160 | methyl | carbon bonded to three hydrogens; arrangement determines function of male and female sex hormones |  | 60 |
