Cell membrane structure and functions
Terms : Hide Images
| 13666565594 | Selective Permeability | Allows some substances to cross more easily than others | 0 | |
| 13666565595 | Amphipathic | molecule that has both a hydrophillic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid |  | 1 |
| 13666565596 | phospholipid bilayer | a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma membranes |  | 2 |
| 13666565597 | Integral Proteins | Proteins that extend through the phospholipid bilayer. |  | 3 |
| 13666565598 | Peripheral Proteins | A protein loosely attached to the surface of a membrane | | 4 |
| 13666565599 | Glycoproteins | proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them | 5 | |
| 13666565600 | cholesterol | steroid present in the plasma membranes of animal cells. A large amount of this in a phospholipid bilayer at High Temperatures reduces membrane fluidity, but at Lower Temperature prevents the membrane from solidifying. |  | 6 |
| 13666565601 | Concentration Gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a space | 7 | |
| 13666565602 | Diffusion | the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, so that they spread out evenly reaching equilibrium |  | 8 |
| 13666565603 | Osmosis | The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 9 | |
| 13666565604 | Transport Proteins | proteins that help to transport substances across cell membranes |  | 10 |
| 13666565605 | Aquaporins | Channel proteins that help massive amount of water pass through the membrane; a lot in our kidneys | 11 | |
| 13666565606 | Passive Transport | movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy | 12 | |
| 13666565607 | Isotonic | a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell; the cell will not change |  | 13 |
| 13666565608 | Hypertonic | the solution with the greater concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; the cell will lose water to its environment--> Cell will shrivel up |  | 14 |
| 13666565609 | Hypotonic | the solution with the lower concentration of solutes than that inside the cell; water will enter the cell -> Cell will swell and burst |  | 15 |
| 13666565611 | Turgid | Very firm (healthy state), especially for plant cells | 16 | |
| 13666565612 | Plasmolysis | As a plant cell shrivels its plasma membrane pulls away from the wall |  | 17 |
| 13666565613 | Facilitated Diffusion | passive transport of ions or polar molecules across a plasma membrane by transport proteins | | 18 |
| 13666565614 | Active Transport | transport of a substance through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy |  | 19 |
| 13666565615 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell |  | 20 |
| 13666565616 | Exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material by vesicles |  | 21 |
| 13666565617 | Endocytosis | the movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle | 22 | |
| 13666565618 | Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis in which microbes are taken in by immune cells of animals (mainly by macrophages) |  | 23 |
| 13666565619 | Pinocytosis | cellular drinking |  | 24 |
