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Ap Biology Cell Organelles Flashcards

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5287534793ChloroplastSite of photosynthesis Converts solar energy into potential energy in the glucose molecule plant cells only0
5287534794PeroxisomesMicro-body that removes excess hydrogen from the cell and combines it with oxygen to make hydrogen peroxide Catalase breaks down the toxic H2O2 plant and animal cells1
5287534798Plasmodesmataholes and channels in the cell wall that connect adjacent cells allows water, small solutes, and other molecules how plant cells communicate plant cells only2
5287534799Tight JunctionsEstablish barriers that prevents leakage of cytoplasm 0.1 um animal cells only3
5287534800DesmosomesJoins two cells together by the cytoskeleton joins by rivets into strong sheets 0.8 um animal cells only4
5287534801Gap JunctionsConnects two adjacent cells, allows subjects to pass through Tunnels animal cells only Connection protein in almost all tissue cells 0.05 um5
5287534802Contractile VacuoleOsmosis regulation Takes water from cell then pushes the water out through cell membrane or wall Protists and algae6
5287534803Cell MembraneProtects cell from surroundings Allows certain substances in, keeps others out Phospholipid bilayer with proteins plant and animal7
5287534804NucleusBrain of cell contains dna plant and animal8
5287534805NucleolusNon-membranus structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoi plant and animal9
5287534806CentriolesSmall microtubles arranged in specific ways aids in cell division-anaphase moves to opposite poles-pulls sister chromatids Animal only10
5287534807Ribosomescomplexes that makes proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope translate mRNA into amino acid plant and animal11
5287534808Golgi Apparatusorganelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products Plant and animal12
5287534809Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough+Smoothnetwork of membranous sacs and tubes active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes Plant and animal13
5287534810Mitochondriaorganelle where cellular resperation occurs and most ATP is generated plant and animal14
5287534811Lysosomesdigestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed autophagy animal only15
5287534812Vacuolelargest organelle in a cell surrounded by a membrane and functions to hold materials and wastes membrane lined pocket Plant only16
5287534813Cytoskeletonreinforces cell's shape;functions in cell movement; components are made of protein plant and animal17
5287534814Microtubleschromosome movement, cell division processes, and maintains cell shape MOVING CELL PARTS plant and animal18
5287534815Microfilamentshelps with cell movement, gives shape,cytoplasmic streaming Thinnest filament thin, solid rods actin, myosin INVOLVED in MUSCLE CONTRACTION animal and plant19
5287534816Intermediate Filamentsshape cell, maintains positions of some organelles proteins (keratin) in coils ADDS STRUCTURE;HOLDS ORGANELLES in POSITION plant only20
5287534817Central Vacuoleprominent in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of waste, and hydrolysis of macro-molecules; enlargement of vacuole is major mechanism of plant growth plant only21
5287534818Cell Wallouter layer that maintains cell's shape and protects from damage made of cellulose and other polysachrides, and proteins Plant only22
5287534819Cilialocated on outside of cell pushes cell forward hair like plant and animal23
5287534820Flagellumlocated on the outside of a cell pushes the cell forward whip like structure made of microtubles; 9 pair ring outside, 1 pair inside24

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