Vocabulary words from the AP Edition of Campbell Biology, Chapter 6.
Terms : Hide Images
| 9088556019 | organelles | membrane-enclosed structures within a eukaryotic cell |  | 0 |
| 9088556020 | cytosol | a jellylike substance where organelles and other components are found |  | 1 |
| 9088556021 | eukaryotic cell | Cell with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |  | 2 |
| 9088556022 | prokaryotic cell | Cell with no nucleus nor membrane bound organelles |  | 3 |
| 9088556023 | nucleoid region | a non-membrane-enclosed region of the cell where prokaryotic DNA is found |  | 4 |
| 9088556024 | cytoplasm | the region in a cell between the cell membrane and nucleus; it contains the cell structures and oganelles |  | 5 |
| 9088556025 | plasma membrane | The selective barrier that surrounds a cell; it controls what enters and leaves the cell |  | 6 |
| 9088556026 | nucleus | chromosome-containing part of a eukaryotic cell |  | 7 |
| 9088556027 | nuclear envelope | encloses the nucleus to separate its contents from the cytoplasm |  | 8 |
| 9088556028 | nucleolus | located in the nucleus, makes, synthesizes, and partially assembles ribosomes |  | 9 |
| 9088556029 | ribosomes | made of ribosomal RNA and protein, synthesize proteins |  | 10 |
| 9088556030 | endomembrane system | membranes that divide the cell into organelles such as the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, and the cell membrane. |  | 11 |
| 9088556031 | endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | accounts for more than half of total membrane in many eukaryotic cells, continuous with the nuclear envelope |  | 12 |
| 9088556032 | smooth ER | portion of the endoplasmic reticulum free of ribosomes, synthesize lipids, detoxifies the cell, and regulates calcium levels |  | 13 |
| 9088556033 | rough ER | portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes, produce and transport membrane and secretory proteins |  | 14 |
| 9088556034 | glycoproteins | proteins with covalently-bonded carbohydrates that play a role in cell to cell interaction |  | 15 |
| 9088556035 | transport vesicles | vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another |  | 16 |
| 9088556036 | Golgi apparatus | stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum |  | 17 |
| 9088556037 | lysosome | membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes, which the cell uses to digest unwanted materials |  | 18 |
| 9088556038 | phagocytosis | the process by which a cell engulfs a solid particle |  | 19 |
| 9088556039 | autolysis | lysosomes break down damaged organelles |  | 20 |
| 9088556040 | food vacuoles | formed by phagocytosis, pinches off from plasma membrane and encloses a food particle |  | 21 |
| 9088556041 | contractile vacuoles | pump excess water out of the cell to maintain a suitable concentration of ions and molecules in the cell |  | 22 |
| 9088556042 | central vacuole | the largest organelle in a plant cell. It is surrounded by the tonoplast and functions to hold materials and wastes. It also functions to maintain the proper pressure within plant cells |  | 23 |
| 9088556043 | mitochondria | chemically convert chemical (food) energy into usable ATP energy through cellular respiration |  | 24 |
| 9088556044 | chloroplasts | contain chlorophyll which help absorb solar energy in order to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars during photosynthesis |  | 25 |
| 9088556045 | flagella | a long tail-like structure that aids in cell movement |  | 26 |
| 9088556046 | cilia | a short hair-like structures that enable movement of cells or movement of materials outside a cell, utilizes a back-and-forth motion | | 27 |
| 9088556047 | cell wall | extracellular structure specific to plant cells, protects the cell, maintains its shape, and prevents excessive water uptake |  | 28 |
