Terms : Hide Images
| 577162350 | Character | An observable heritable feature that may vary among individuals. | |
| 577162352 | Trait | One of the two or more detectable variants in a genetic character. | |
| 577162355 | True Breeding | Referring to organisms that produce offspring of the same variety over many generations of self-pollination. | |
| 577162357 | Hybridization | In genetics, the mating, or crossing, of two true-breeding varieties. | |
| 577162359 | P Generations | The true-breeding (homozygous) parent individuals from which F1 hybrid offspring are derived in studies of inheritance; P stands for "parental." | |
| 577162362 | F1 Generations | The first filial, hybrid (heterozygous) offspring arising from a parental (P Generation) cross. | |
| 577162365 | F2 Generation | The offspring resulting from interbreeding (of self pollination) of the hybrid F1 generation. | |
| 577162366 | Alleles | Any of the alternative versions of a gene tha tmay produce distinguishable phenotype effects. | |
| 577162367 | Dominant Allele | An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote. | |
| 577162368 | Recessive Allele | An allele whose phenotype effect is not observed in a heterozygote. | |
| 577162369 | Law of Segregation | Mendel's first law, stating that the two alleles in a pair segregate into different gametes during gamete formation. | |
| 577162370 | Punnett Square | A diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the predicted genotype results of random fertilization in genetic crosses between individuals of known genotype. | |
| 577162371 | Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a given gene. | |
| 577162372 | Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a given gene. | |
| 577162373 | Phenotype | The observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup. | |
| 577162374 | Genotype | The genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism. | |
| 577162375 | Testcross | Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype. The ratio of phenotype in the offspring reveals the unknown genotype. | |
| 577162376 | Monohybrids | An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. All the offspring from a cross between parents homozygous for different alleles are monohybrids. | |
| 577162377 | Monohybrid Cross | A cross between two organisms that are heterozygous for the character being followed. | |
| 577162378 | Dihybrids | An organism that is heterozygous with respect to two genes of interest. All the offspring from a cross between parents doubly homozygous for different alleles are dihybrids. | |
| 577162379 | Dihybrid Cross | A cross between two organims that are each heterozygous for both of the characters being followed. | |
| 577162380 | Law of Independent Assortment | Mendel's second law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other pair during gamete formation. | |
| 577162381 | Multiplication Rule | A rule of probability stating that the probability of two or more independent events occurring together can be determined by multiplying their individual probabilities. | |
| 577162382 | Addition Rule | A rule of probability stating that the probability of any one or two more mutually exclusive events occurring can be determined by adding individual probabilities. | |
| 577162383 | Complete Dominance | The situation in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable. | |
| 577162384 | Incomplete Dominance | The situation in which the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the phenotype of individuals homozygous for either allele. | |
| 577162385 | Codominance | The situation in which the phenotype of both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote because both alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways. | |
| 577162386 | Tay-Sachs Disease | A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme, leading to accumulation of certain lipids in the brain. | |
| 577162387 | Pleiotropy | The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects. | |
| 577162388 | Epistasis | A type of gene interaction in which the phenotypic expression of one gene alters that of another independently inherited gene. | |
| 577162389 | Quantitative Characters | A heritable feature that varies continuously over a range rather than in an either-or fashion. | |
| 577162390 | Polygenic Inheritance | An additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotype character. | |
| 577162391 | Norm of Reaction | The range of phenotypes produced by a single genotype, due to environmental influences. | |
| 577162392 | Multifactorial | Referring to a phenotypic character that is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. | |
| 577162393 | Pedigree | A diagram of a family tree with conventional symbols showing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring over multiple generations. | |
| 577162394 | Carriers | In genetics, an individual who is heterozygous at a given genetic locus for a recessively inheritable disorder. | |
| 577162395 | Cystic Fibrosis | A human genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele for a chloride channel protein; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucous and consequent vulnerability to infection. | |
| 577162396 | Sickle-Cell Disease | A recessively inherited human blood disorder in which a single nucleotide change int the B-globin gene causes hemoglobin to aggregate, changing red blood cell shape and causing multiple symptoms to afflicted individuals. | |
| 577162397 | Huntington's Disease | A human genetic disease caused by a dominant allele; characterized by uncontrollable body movements and degeneration of the nervous system. | |
| 577162398 | Amniocentesis | A technique associated with prenatal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid is obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus. The fluid and the fetal cells it contains are analyzed to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus. | |
| 577162399 | Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) | A technique associated with prenatal diagnosis in which a small sample of the fetal portion of the placenta is removed for a analysis to detect certain genetic and congenital defects in the fetus. |
