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| 113092254 | Genes are located on | Chromosomes | |
| 113092255 | Diploid Cells | Chromosomes and genes are both present in pairs in diploid cells. Homologoud chromosomes separate and alleles segregate during the process of meiosis. | |
| 113092256 | Chromosomal Theory of inheritance | Mendelian genes have specific positions on chromosomes, and it is the chromosomes that undergo segregation and independent assortment. | |
| 113095398 | Wild type | the most common phenotype for a character. | |
| 113095399 | Thomas Hunt Morgan | experiment with the flies, had a white one which he initialized as w. + = allele for wild type | |
| 113102264 | flys chromosomes | female XX male XY | |
| 113102265 | Morgan's breading resutls | All f1 was red eye, f2 had 3:1 ratio. White eye showed up only in males.Eye color was linked to sex | |
| 113102266 | Fly chromosomes and his experiment | white eye exclusively on x chromosomes. Male has only one x chromosome so there is no dominant to offset it. Female could only have white eye if both x's were it. This was impossible since the male had it. | |
| 113108627 | Chromosome gene ratio: | Way more genes then chromosomes, each chromosome has hundreds to thousands of genes. | |
| 113108628 | Linked Genes | Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to e inherited together in genetic crosses. | |
| 113128025 | Morgan's second experiment | color and wing size are partially linked to genetics. | |
| 113128026 | Genetic Recombination | the production of offspring with combination of traits differing from those fond in either parents. | |
| 113128027 | meiosis and fertilization | generate genetic variation among offspring of sexually reproducing organisms. | |
| 113147826 | Parental Types | match one of the parents phenotypes. | |
| 113147827 | Recombinant Types | different combination of phenotype then parent | |
| 113147828 | 50% of offspring are recombinant | 50% frequency of recombination | |
| 113147829 | genes that are located on two different chromosomes | 50% frequency of recombination | |
| 113147830 | Linked genes | less then 50% frequency of recombination | |
| 113175602 | Crossing over | occurs doing prophase of meiosis 1 | |
| 113199762 | Genetic Map | an ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosomes. | |
| 113199763 | Range and crossing over | farther apart two genes are higher likelihood of crossing over.therefore, higher recombinant frequency. | |
| 113199764 | Linkage Map | genetic map based on recombination frequencies. | |
| 113199765 | Map Units | one map unit = 1% recobination frequency. | |
| 113199766 | Some genes are so far apart | crossover between them is certain. | |
| 113199767 | Cytogenetic maps | locate genes with respect to the chromosomal features. | |
| 113346560 | X OR Y BIGGER? | X | |
| 113346561 | MALES SPERM | 1/2 X 1/2 Y | |
| 113375256 | SEX CHROMOSOMES | HAVE MANY GENES UNRELATED TO SEX (ESPECIALLY X) | |
| 113375257 | SEX LINKED GENE | GENE LOCATED ON SEX CHROMOSOME | |
| 113424599 | BARR BODY | inactive x female condenses into it. inside the nuclear enveope. | |
| 113424600 | Females consist of a mosiac of two types of cells | those with active x derived from the father and those with active X derived from the mother. | |
| 113484069 | Nondisjuction | Mitotic spindle distributes chromosomes, error occurs. | |
| 113484070 | Nondisjuction in meiosis 1 | members of a pair of homologous chromosomes do not move apart properly during meosis 1 | |
| 113484071 | Nondisjuction in meiosis 2 | sister chromatids fail to seperate | |
| 113484072 | if nondisjunction occurs in mitosis | condition is passed to a large number of cells. very bad | |
| 113542938 | Aneupolid Gametes | caused by nondisjection in meiosis. | |
| 113542939 | Anuepolid Zygote | Aneupolid gamete combinds with a normal haploid gamete during fertilization. Very bad. | |
| 113647202 | Nondisjunction of sex chromosomes | not as bad. | |
| 113647203 | XXY in male.. | bad | |
| 113647204 | Worst type of chromosome changes | Deletion and translocation. | |
| 113653002 | Genomic Imprinting | variation in phenotype depending on whetheran allele is inherited from male or female parent. | |
| 113653003 | Genomic imprinting occurs | during the formation of gametes. e | |
| 113653004 | Two exceptions to mendel | genes located in nucleor or near nucleus |
