Terms : Hide Images
| 9602102851 | ganglia | simple cluster of nerve cells | 0 | |
| 9602102852 | Sensory Neurons | transmit information from sensors that detect external stimuli using all different senses | 1 | |
| 9602102853 | motor neurons | transmit signals to muscle cells causing them to contract | 2 | |
| 9602102854 | Central nervous system (CNS) | In many animals, the neurons that carry out integration are organized in this, which includes the brain and a longitudinal nerve cord. | 3 | |
| 9602102855 | peripheral nervous system (PNS) | the neurons that carry information into and out of the central nervous system constitute this. | 4 | |
| 9602102856 | dendrites | a typical neuron has many of these, they are highly branched extensions that RECEIVE signals from other neurons. |  | 5 |
| 9602102857 | Axon | a neuron has a single one of these, which is an extension that TRANSMITS signals to other cells. Often much longer than dendrites. |  | 6 |
| 9602102858 | Axon hillock | the cone-shaped region of an axon where it joins the cell body. this is typically a region where the signals that travel down the axon are generated. |  | 7 |
| 9602102859 | synapse | a junction that each branched end of an axon transmits information to |  | 8 |
| 9602102878 | synaptic terminal |  | 9 | |
| 9602102860 | glia | cells that support neurons, through insulation, nourishment, etc. Ex. Schwann cells (forms myelin sheath) | 10 | |
| 9602102861 | membrane potential | a voltage (difference in electrical charge). All cells have this. | 11 | |
| 9602102862 | resting potential | the membrane potential of a resting neuron-one that isn't sending signals-typically between -60 and -80 mV (millivolts) |  | 12 |
| 9602102863 | ion channels | pores formed by clusters of specialized proteins that span the membrane |  | 13 |
| 9602102864 | equilibrium potential | the magnitude of the membrane voltage at equilibrium for a particular ion is called that ion's what? | 14 | |
| 9602102865 | gated ion channels | ion channels that open or close in response to stimuli |  | 15 |
| 9602102866 | hyperpolarization | increase in the magnitude of the membrane potential is called this, which results from any stimulus that increases either the outflow of positive ions or the inflow of negative ions |  | 16 |
| 9602102867 | depolarization | this happens when the opening of some other types of ion channels makes the inside of the membrane less negative. Often involves gate sodium channels | | 17 |
| 9602102868 | voltage-gated ion channels | open or close in response to a change in the membrane potential. |  | 18 |
| 9602102869 | action potential | nerve impulses/signals that carry information along an axon | | 19 |
| 9602102870 | refractory period | the "downtime" following an action potential when a second action potential cannot be initiated. This interval sets a limit on the maximum frequency that action potentials can be generated |  | 20 |
| 9602102871 | Saltatory conduction | when the action potential appears to jump along the axon from node to node. | 21 | |
| 9602102872 | Myelin sheath | a layer of electrical insulation that surrounds vertebrate axons |  | 22 |
| 9602102873 | Nodes of ranvier | a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent Schwann cells (g in picture) |  | 23 |
| 9602102874 | nerve net | (in invertebrates such as coelenterates and flatworms) a diffuse network of neurons that conducts impulses in all directions from a point of stimulus. | 24 | |
| 9602102875 | Sodium potassium pump | pumps sodium out of cells while pumping potassium into cells, both against their concentration gradients. |  | 25 |
| 9602102876 | sodium channel | potassium-selective pores | 26 | |
| 9602102877 | potassium channel | potassium-selective pores | 27 |
