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| 4900798517 | behavioral ecology | the study of behavior from an ecological perspective | 0 | |
| 4900798518 | behavior | The instinctive or learned actions that an organism takes in response to internal and external stimuli. | 1 | |
| 4900798519 | proximate question | In animal behavior, an inquiry that focuses on the environmental stimuli, if any, that trigger a particular behavioral act, as well as the genetic, physiological, and anatomical mechanisms underlying it. | 2 | |
| 4900798520 | ultimate question | In animal behavior, an inquiry that focuses on the evolutionary significance of a behavioral act. | 3 | |
| 4900798521 | ethology | the branch of zoology that studies the behavior of animals in their natural habitats | 4 | |
| 4900798522 | fixed action pattern | A sequence of behavioral acts that is essentially unchangeable and usually carried to completion once initiated. | 5 | |
| 4900798523 | imprinting | a learning process in early life whereby species specific patterns of behavior are established | 6 | |
| 4900798524 | sensitive period | A limited phase in an individual animal's development when learning of particular behaviors can take place. | 7 | |
| 4900798525 | kinesis | a movement that is a response to a stimulus but is not oriented with respect to the source of stimulation | 8 | |
| 4900798526 | pheromones | odorless chemicals that serve as social signals to members of one's species | 9 | |
| 4900798527 | habituation | a very simple type of learning that involves a loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or no information | 10 | |
| 4900798528 | spatial learning | Modification of behavior based on expeience of the spatial structure of the environment | 11 | |
| 4900798529 | cognitive map | a mental representation of the layout of one's environment. | 12 | |
| 4900798530 | associative conditioning | the ability of animals to associate one feature of the environment with another | 13 | |
| 4900798531 | classical conditioning | conditioning that pairs a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that evokes a reflex | 14 | |
| 4900798532 | operant conditioning | conditioning in which an operant response is brought under stimulus control by virtue of presenting reinforcement contingent upon the occurrence of the operant response | 15 | |
| 4900798533 | cognition | the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning | 16 | |
| 4900798534 | cognitive ethology | the study of cognitive processes in nonhuman animals | 17 | |
| 4900798535 | foraging | the act of searching for food and provisions | 18 | |
| 4900798536 | optimal foraging theory | The basis for analyzing behavior as a compromise of feeding costs versus feeding benefits, anticipating that animals will attempt to maximize energy obtained as a function of time and/or eneergy spent | 19 | |
| 4900798537 | promiscuous | a mating relationship wherein each individual mates with multiple other individuals, and forms no exclusive pair bond | 20 | |
| 4900798538 | monogamous | a mating relationship wherein one male and one female mate only with each other | 21 | |
| 4900798539 | polygamous | A type of relationship in which an individual of one sex mates with several of the other. | 22 | |
| 4900798540 | polygyny | one male with many females | 23 | |
| 4900798541 | polyandry | one female with many males | 24 | |
| 4900798542 | agonistic behavior | A type of behavior involving a non-lethal contest of some kind that determines which competitor gains access to some resource, such as food or mates | 25 | |
| 4900798543 | game theory | The theory that studies decision making in situations in which one player anticipates the reactions of other players to its own actions. Firms are mutually interdendent. | 26 | |
| 4900798544 | altruism | selflessness | 27 | |
| 4900798545 | inclusive fitness | The sum of an individuals own reporductive success plus the effects the organism has on the reproductive success of related others. | 28 | |
| 4900798546 | coefficent of relatedness | equals the probability that if two individuals share a common parent or ancestor, a particular gene present in one individual will also be present in the second individual | 29 | |
| 4900798547 | Hamilton's rule | Natural selection favors altruism when the benefit to the recipient multiplied by the coefficent of relatedness exceeds the cost of the altruist. | 30 | |
| 4900798548 | kin selection | A phenomenon of inclusive fitness, used to explain altruistic behavior between related individuals; i.e. an individual's alleles may benefit more from that individual sacrificing itself for its kin than by selfishly saving itself | 31 | |
| 4900798549 | reciprocal altruism | Altruistic behavior between unrelated individuals, whereby the current altruistic individual benefits in the future when the current beneficiary reciprocates. | 32 | |
| 4900798550 | social learning | form of learning in which the organism observes and imitates the behavior of others | 33 | |
| 4900798551 | mate choice copying | behavior in which individuals in a population coy the mate choice of others, apparently as a result of social learning | 34 | |
| 4900798552 | sociobiology | the branch of biology that conducts comparative studies of the social organization of animals (including human beings) with regard to its evolutionary history | 35 |
