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| 9148916783 | Endocrine System | Releases hormones, chemicals released by *ductless glands* into the blood stream that can have an effect anywhere in the body | 0 | |
| 9148916784 | Tropic hormones | Hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands to release their hormones | 1 | |
| 9148916785 | Pheromones | Hormones released by one animal that affect other animals | 2 | |
| 9148916786 | Hypothalamus | Bridge between endocrine and nervous systems Sends electrical signals to adrenal gland to release adrenaline Releases *oxytocin* and *antidiuretic hormone* into posterior pituitary for storage | 3 | |
| 9148916787 | Anterior Pituitary | Growth hormone (GH)- Bone growth Luteinizing hormone (LH)- Ovaries and testes Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)- Thyroid to release thyroxin Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- Adrenal cortex to release cortisol Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- gonads to produce gametes | 4 | |
| 9148916788 | Posterior Pituitary | Stores and releases hormones (*oxytocin*-stimulates contraction of uterus and mammary glands during labor and *ADH*- stimulates the collecting tubule in nephron) from hypothalamus | 5 | |
| 9148916789 | Thyroid Gland | Releases *thyroxin*- controls rate of metabolism Releases *calcitonin*- lowers blood calcium levels by facilitating uptake of calcium by bones | 6 | |
| 9148916790 | Parathyroid Gland | Releases *parathormone*- raises blood calcium levels by removing calcium from bones Works in opposition to *calcitonin* | 7 | |
| 9148916791 | Adrenal Cortex | Responds to stress by releasing corticosteroids- *cortisol* Raises blood sugar levels | 8 | |
| 9148916792 | Adrenal Medulla | Releases *epinephrine (adrenaline)*- the "fight or flight" hormone- raises blood sugar levels by increasing breakdown of glycogen in liver | 9 | |
| 9148916793 | Pancreas | Functions as both endocrine gland (releasing hormones) and exocrine gland (releasing digestive enzymes) Releases *insulin* to lower blood glucose levels Releases glucagon to raise blood glucose levels | 10 | |
| 9148916794 | Thymus Gland | Most active in fetal and postnatal life Essential to development of a normal immune system Stimulates proliferation of T-lymphcytes | 11 | |
| 9148916795 | Pineal Gland | In brain Secretes hormone melatonin | 12 | |
| 9148916796 | Ovaries | *Estrogen*- stimulates uterine lining, promotes development and maintenance of primary and secondary sexual characteristics *Progesterone*- promotes growth of uterine lining | 13 | |
| 9148916797 | Testes | *Testosterone*- supports sperm production and secondary sexual characteristics | 14 | |
| 9148916798 | Positive Feedback | Mechanisms amplify an already existing response and bring a process to an end |  | 15 |
| 9148916799 | Negative Feedback | Mechanisms maintain homeostasis by inhibiting a response. |  | 16 |
| 9148916800 | Signal-Transduction Pathway | 1. Chemicals bind to a receptor on the surface of the plasma membrane 2. Triggers a *secondary messenger* (cAMP or calcium ions) 3. Converts chemical signal to a specific cellular response from the nucleus |  | 17 |
