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| 9658526640 | heredity | The transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring. |  | 0 |
| 9658526641 | trait | A genetically determined variant of a characteristic, such as yellow flower color. |  | 1 |
| 9658526642 | pollination | Occurs when pollen grains produced in the anthers, are transferred to the female reproductive part of a flower, called the stigma. |  | 2 |
| 9658526643 | self-pollination | Occurs when pollen is transferred from the anthers of a flower to the stigma of either that flower or another flower on the SAME plant. |  | 3 |
| 9658526644 | cross-pollination | Pollination that occurs between flowers of two plants. |  | 4 |
| 9658526645 | true-breeding | Pure for a trait that always produces offspring with that trait when they self-pollinate. |  | 5 |
| 9658526646 | P generation | The true breeding parent generation in Mendel's experiment. |  | 6 |
| 9658526647 | F1 generation | First filial generation; the offspring of the P generation by cross-pollination in Mendel's experiment. |  | 7 |
| 9658526648 | F2 generation | Second filial generation; the offspring of the F1 generation by self-pollination in Mendel's experiment. |  | 8 |
| 9658526649 | dominant | Masks the factor for another trait in a pair of traits; represented by capital letters |  | 9 |
| 9658526650 | recessive | The trait that sometimes has no observable effect on an organism's appearance (represented by lowercase letters) |  | 10 |
| 9658526651 | law of segregation | States that a pair of factors is segregated, or separated, during the formation of gametes. |  | 11 |
| 9658526652 | law of independent assortment | States that factors separate independently of one another during the formation of gametes. |  | 12 |
| 9658526653 | allele | Each of two or more alternative forms of a gene. |  | 13 |
| 9658526654 | genotype | An organism's genetic makeup (the alleles are represented by letters) |  | 14 |
| 9658526655 | phenotype | an organism's physical traits, represented by words/descriptions |  | 15 |
| 9658526656 | homozygous | When both alleles of a pair are alike (e.g. BB and bb) |  | 16 |
| 9658526657 | heterozygous | When the two alleles in a pair are different (e.g. Bb) |  | 17 |
| 9658526658 | probability | The likelihood that a specific event will occur. |  | 18 |
| 9658526659 | monohybrid cross | a cross in which only one characteristic is tracked (e.g. only look at eye color); the Punnet square is 2 x 2 |  | 19 |
| 9658526660 | Punnett square | diagram used to aid biologists in predicting the probable distribution of inherited traits in the offspring; the parent alleles go on the outside and offspring inside |  | 20 |
| 9658526661 | genotypic ratio | The ratio of the genotypes that appear in offspring. |  | 21 |
| 9658526662 | phenotypic ratio | The ratio of the offspring's phenotypes. |  | 22 |
| 9658526663 | testcross | A cross in which an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual. |  | 23 |
| 9658526664 | simple dominance | A relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over the other. |  | 24 |
| 9658526665 | incomplete dominance | neither allele is completely dominant over the other (e.g. when a red and white flower make a pink flower) |  | 25 |
| 9658526666 | codominance | When both alleles for a gene are expressed in heterozygous offspring. |  | 26 |
| 9658526667 | dihybrid cross | A cross in which two characteristics are tracked (e.g. eye color and hair color); the Punnet square is 4 by 4 |  | 27 |
| 9658526668 | Mendel | A monk who studied heredity in garden peas. He used statistics to discover dominant and recessive traits, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment. |  | 28 |
| 9658526669 | multiple allele trait | trait controlled by one gene with more than two alleles | 29 | |
| 9658526674 | sex-linked traits | passed along the X chromosome; more common in males then females | 30 | |
| 9658526677 | pedigree | Chart showing one trait being carried over many generations | 31 | |
| 9658836464 | Huntington's disease | Autosomal dominant- loss of muscle coordination and brain function | 32 | |
| 9658865034 | Tay Sachs | Autosomal recessive- improperly folded enzyme doesn't break down fat in brain, loss of mental function and death | 33 | |
| 9658876373 | Hemophilia | X-linked recessive: can't clot blood properly | 34 | |
| 9658878010 | Red/green colorblindness | X-linked recessive: can't distinguish between red and green | 35 | |
| 9658894102 | Down Syndrome/Trisomy 21 | Chromosomal disorder- extra chromosome 21- mental retardation and distinctive facial features | 36 | |
| 9658910985 | Klinefleter's syndrome | Chromosomal disorder- genetic male with an extra X chromosome (XXY). Feminized features, sterile. | 37 |
