Terms : Hide Images
| 4888339371 | nonpolar | electrons shared equally |  | 0 |
| 4888339372 | polar | electrons shared unequally |  | 1 |
| 4888339378 | monosaccharide | C6H12O6 simple sugar; glucose, galactose, and fructose |  | 2 |
| 4888339379 | disaccharide | two monosaccharides joined together; C12H22O1; maltose, lactose, and sucrose |  | 3 |
| 4888339380 | dehydration synthesis | condensation; joining compounds together with water released |  | 4 |
| 4888339381 | hydrolysis | breakdown of a compound by adding water |  | 5 |
| 4888339382 | polysaccharide | polymers of carbohydrates |  | 6 |
| 4888339383 | cellulose | structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls |  | 7 |
| 4888339384 | starch | storage polysaccharide found in plants |  | 8 |
| 4888339386 | fatty acid | hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids |  | 9 |
| 4888339387 | saturated fat | fat without double bonds |  | 10 |
| 4888339388 | unsaturated fat | fat with double bonds |  | 11 |
| 4888339390 | peptide bond | bond creating amino acid chains or polymers |  | 12 |
| 4888339391 | primary structure | linear sequence of amino acids; peptide bonds |  | 13 |
| 4888339392 | secondary structure | protein formed with hydrogen bonds |  | 14 |
| 4888339393 | tertiary structure | 3D conformation formed; determines specificity |  | 15 |
| 4888339394 | quaternary structure | protein with more than one polypeptide chain |  | 16 |
| 4888339395 | alpha helix | secondary structure form of a protein; human hair (keratin) |  | 17 |
| 4888339396 | beta pleated sheet | secondary structure form of a protein; spider webs and silk |  | 18 |
| 4888339397 | functional group | components of organic molecules most often involved in chemical reactions | 19 | |
| 4888339398 | metabolism | sum of all chemical reactions that take place in cell | 20 | |
| 4888339406 | cohesion | capacity to resist tension to rupture |  | 21 |
| 4888339409 | polymer | long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |  | 22 |
| 4888339410 | monomer | building block for polymers; only made by producers | | 23 |
| 4888339411 | adhesion | attraction between different kinds of molecules | | 24 |
| 4888339412 | surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid |  | 25 |
| 4888339414 | evaporative cooling / heat of vaporization | property of a liquid where the surface becomes cooler during evaporation due to the loss of molecules |  | 26 |
| 4888339415 | disulfide bridge | tertiary structure; strong covalent bond formed when one sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another |  | 27 |
| 4888339416 | hydrophobic interaction | tertiary structure; weak chemical bond formed when molecules that do not mix with water change to exclude the water |  | 28 |
| 4888339417 | hydrocarbon | organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon |  | 29 |
| 4888339418 | macromolecule | giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules |  | 30 |
| 4888339419 | glycosodic linkage | covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction | 31 | |
| 4888339420 | nucleotide | building block of a nucleic acid; five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogen base and a phosphate group |  | 32 |
| 4888339421 | pyramidine | cytosine, thymine, and uracil; six-membered ring |  | 33 |
| 4888339422 | purine | adenine and guanine; six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring |  | 34 |
| 4888339423 | hydroxyl | hydrogen bonded to oxygen bonded to an organic molecule's carbon skeleton; alcohol; polar |  | 35 |
| 4888339425 | carboxyl | oxygen double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group |  | 36 |
| 4888339426 | amine | nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton |  | 37 |
| 4888339427 | sulfhydryl | sulfur bonded to hydrogen in roughly the shape of a hydroxyl; cysteine |  | 38 |
| 4888339428 | phosphate | phosphorous bonded to four oxygens, two have negative charges, one is bonded to the carbon skeleton; phospholipid |  | 39 |
| 5009054288 | compartmentalization | membrane enclosed regions that allow a eukaryotic cell to increase surface area and have specialized regions for chemical reactions. |  | 40 |
| 5009068314 | passive transport | movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input |  | 41 |
| 5009080596 | active transport | movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration in the direction against some gradient |  | 42 |
| 5009081918 | endocytosis | form of active transport in which a cell transports molecules (such as proteins) into the cell (endo- + cytosis) by engulfing them in an energy-using process. |  | 43 |
| 5009083402 | exocytosis | a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane. |  | 44 |
| 5096182625 | surface area | The measurement of the outer surface of an object. |  | 45 |
| 5096186307 | volume | Amount of space occupied by an object |  | 46 |
| 5096189420 | water potential | The physical property predicting the direction in which water will flow, governed by solute concentration and applied pressure. |  | 47 |
| 5096192773 | osmosis | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |  | 48 |
