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| 5724879365 | metabolism | a set of life'sustaining chemical transformations that allow organisms to do things like grow, reproduce, and maintain their structure. |  | 0 |
| 5724879366 | metabolic pathway | a series of chemical reactions where metabolite is modified by these chemical reactions. |  | 1 |
| 5724879367 | catabolic pathways | the set of metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units. |  | 2 |
| 5724879368 | anabolic pathways | usually requires energy, build new molecules and/or store energy. |  | 3 |
| 5724879369 | bioenergetics | the study of the transformation of energy in living organisms. |  | 4 |
| 5724879370 | energy | can be transferred or converted, but never destroyed. |  | 5 |
| 5724879371 | kinetic energy | energy that is being used. |  | 6 |
| 5724879372 | heat | the measure of the matter's total kinetic energy due the movement of its molecules. |  | 7 |
| 5724879373 | thermal energy | the energy that comes from heat. |  | 8 |
| 5724879374 | potential energy | the amount of energy an object has because of its position/location. |  | 9 |
| 5724879375 | chemical energy | energy that is released in a chemical reaction. |  | 10 |
| 5724879376 | thermodynamics | branch of physics focused on heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. |  | 11 |
| 5724879377 | first law of thermodynamics | energy can be transformed from one form to another, but never created or destroyed. |  | 12 |
| 5724879378 | entropy | the degree of disorder or randomness in a system. |  | 13 |
| 5724879379 | second law of thermodynamics | the total entropy of a system always increases or stays the same over time |  | 14 |
| 5724879380 | free energy | a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a system to do work. |  | 15 |
| 5724879381 | exergonic reaction | a reaction where energy is released. |  | 16 |
| 5724879382 | endergonic reaction | a chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive and absorbed. |  | 17 |
| 5724879383 | energy coupling | transfer of energy from catabolism to anabolism. |  | 18 |
| 5724879384 | ATP | composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups. |  | 19 |
| 5724879385 | phosphorylated | to introduce a phosphate group into a compound or molecule. |  | 20 |
| 5724879386 | enzyme | proteins that act as catalysts and help complex reactions occur. |  | 21 |
| 5724879387 | catalyst | substance that increases the rate of a reaction |  | 22 |
| 5724879388 | activation energy | the minimum energy that needs to be available to a chemical system with potential reactants for a chemical reaction to happen. |  | 23 |
| 5724879389 | substrate | a molecule on which an enzyme reacts. | | 24 |
| 5724879390 | enzyme-substrate complex | forms when a substrate interacts with the active site of an enzyme. |  | 25 |
| 5724879391 | active site | region on an enzyme where the substrate binds |  | 26 |
| 5724879392 | induced fit | the binding of a substrate or some other molecule to an enzyme causes a change in the shape of the enzyme and its function. |  | 27 |
| 5724879393 | cofactors | assist in enzyme activity. |  | 28 |
| 5724879394 | coenzyme | organic molecules that are required by certain enzymes to carry out catalysis. |  | 29 |
| 5724879395 | competitive inhibitors | function by binding reversibly to the active site of an enzyme. |  | 30 |
| 5724879396 | noncompetitive inhibitors | inhibiting compound does not compete with the natural substrate for the active site on the enzyme but inhibits reaction by combining with the enzyme-substrate complex after the complex is formed. |  | 31 |
| 5724879397 | allosteric regulation | the regulation of a protein by binding an effector molecule at a site other than the protein's active site. |  | 32 |
| 5724879399 | feedback inhibition | when an enzyme that catalyzes the production of a particular substance in the cell is inhibited when that substance has accumulated to a certain level. |  | 33 |
