Terms : Hide Images
| 7371379306 | aqua | water | 0 | |
| 7371379307 | phag | eat | 1 | |
| 7371383092 | amphi | dual | 2 | |
| 7371384303 | pori | small opening | 3 | |
| 7371386083 | co | together | 4 | |
| 7371386990 | trans | across | 5 | |
| 7371388392 | genic | producing | 6 | |
| 7371389507 | hyper | exceeding | 7 | |
| 7371390770 | hypo | lower | 8 | |
| 7371392593 | tonus | tension | 9 | |
| 7371394003 | pino | drink | 10 | |
| 7371395285 | allo | different | 11 | |
| 7371396815 | ana | up | 12 | |
| 7371397777 | cata | down | 13 | |
| 7371407699 | facilitated diffusion | diffusion through transport proteins in the plasma membrane | 14 | |
| 7371408570 | diffusion | passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration | 15 | |
| 7371411917 | osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 16 | |
| 7371424452 | concentration gradient | a region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases | 17 | |
| 7371426767 | fluid mosaic model | a plasma membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules drifting in a fluid phospholipid bilayer | 18 | |
| 7371431500 | first law of thermodynamics | energy can be transferred or transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed | 19 | |
| 7371492912 | second law of thermodynamics | every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy (disorder) of the universe (transformation of usable energy to heat) | 20 | |
| 7371494552 | ligand | a molecule that binds specifically to another molecule, usually a larger one | 21 | |
| 7371496791 | catabolic pathway | a metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into smaller ones | 22 | |
| 7371498439 | anabolic pathway | a metabolic pathway that consumes energy to synthesize a complex molecule from simpler molecules | 23 | |
| 7371503078 | tonicity | the ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water | 24 | |
| 7371504308 | isotonic | a solution that causes no net movement of water into or out of a cell | 25 | |
| 7371506812 | hypertonic | a solution that will cause a cell to lose water | 26 | |
| 7371508406 | hypotonic | a solution that will cause a cell to take up water | 27 | |
| 7371510313 | plasmolysis | when a cell shrinks in hypertonic solution | 28 | |
| 7371512107 | cytolysis | when a cell bursts in a hypotonic solution | 29 | |
| 7371513643 | exergonic reaction | a spontaneous chemical reaction that releases free energy | 30 | |
| 7371524134 | endergonic reaction | a nonspontaneous chemical reaction that absorbs free energy | 31 | |
| 7371525154 | phosphorylation | the addition of a phosphate group (ADP is phosphorylated into ATP) | 32 | |
| 7371526433 | activation energy | the amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start | 33 | |
| 7371665151 | substrate enters active site of enzyme |  | 34 | |
| 7371670959 | enzyme/ substrate complex forms |  | 35 | |
| 7371673714 | substrate is converted to products | image 3 |  | 36 |
| 7371694374 | products leave the active site of the enzyme | picture 5 |  | 37 |
| 7371750556 | exocytosis | moving molecules out of the cell through the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane | 38 | |
| 7371752513 | endocytosis | the uptake of molecules through the formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane | 39 | |
| 7371765449 | phagocytosis | endocytosis involving large particles or molecules | 40 | |
| 7371769062 | pinocytosis | endocytosis involving fluid with dissolved solutes | 41 | |
| 7371770684 | enthalpy | the total heat in a system | 42 | |
| 7371770719 | entropy | a measure of disorder | 43 | |
| 7371775115 | allosteric regulation | the binding of a regulatory molecule to a protein at one site that affects the function of a protein at another site | 44 | |
| 7371776993 | feedback inhibition/loop | a method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme in that pathway | 45 | |
| 7371782542 | glycoprotein | protein with carbohydrate attached | 46 | |
| 7371794691 | glycoprotein |  | 47 | |
| 7371797598 | glycolipid | lipid with carbohydrate attached | 48 | |
| 7371799165 | glycolipid |  | 49 | |
| 7371826510 | peripheral membrane protein | blue thing? |  | 50 |
| 7371834921 | integral membrane protein | yellow things? |  | 51 |
| 7371839546 | cytoskeletal filaments | wavy things outside membrane |  | 52 |
| 7371854756 | cholesterol | yellow things? |  | 53 |
| 7371858731 | protein channel | purple thing? |  | 54 |
| 7371864637 | phospholipid bilayer |  | 55 | |
| 7371872304 | sodium-potassium pump | transport protein that actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell |  | 56 |
| 7371874005 | electrogenic pump | active transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane while pumping ions |  | 57 |
| 7371875883 | proton pump | active transport protein that uses ATP to move hydrogen ions out of a cell against the concentration gradient |  | 58 |
| 7371878938 | cotransport | coupling of the "downhill" diffusion of one substance to the "uphill" transport of another against its concentration gradient |  | 59 |
| 7371880788 | aquaporins | channel protein that is used in osmosis |  | 60 |
| 7371882609 | membrane potential | difference in electrical charge across a cell's plasma membrane due to the differential distribution of ions |  | 61 |
| 7441910991 | turgor pressure | pressure of water on the plasma membrane in plant cells |  | 62 |
| 7441929078 | active transport | from low concentration to high concentration, opposite concentration gradient, requires energy |  | 63 |
| 7441933129 | passive transport | movement of ions and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input |  | 64 |
| 7668102507 | aero | air | 65 | |
| 7668105937 | an | not | 66 | |
| 7668108631 | auto | self | 67 | |
| 7668108632 | chemi | chemical | 68 | |
| 7668110458 | chloro | green | 69 | |
| 7668112324 | hetero | other | 70 | |
| 7668112325 | meso | middle | 71 | |
| 7668114014 | photo | light | 72 | |
| 7668114015 | phyll | leaf | 73 | |
| 7668116263 | troph | food | 74 | |
| 7668119352 | fermentation | process of breaking down glucose (through glycolysis) into ethyl alcohol or lactic acid; produces limited ATP due to the lack of oxygen | 75 | |
| 7668121107 | aerobic respiration | catabolic pathway where glucose is broken down completely into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen; produces 30-32 ATP | 76 | |
| 7668124189 | redox reactions | chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons from one reactant to another | 77 | |
| 7668126366 | chemiosmosis | using a hydrogen ion gradient to drive the production of ATP | 78 | |
| 7668130238 | facultative anaerobes | organism that produces ATP through aerobic respiration, and switches to fermentation when oxygen is not present | 79 | |
| 7668134373 | obligate anaerobes | organisms that only carry out fermentation; some may be poisoned by the presence of oxygen | 80 | |
| 7668136223 | mesophyll | leaf cells specialized for photosynthesis | 81 | |
| 7668147800 | stomata | microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells on the underside of leaves and stems; used in gas exchange | 82 | |
| 7668149430 | chlorophyll | a green pigment found in membranes within chloroplasts of plants and algae, and in the membranes of some prokaryotes | 83 | |
| 7668151578 | carbon fixation | incorporation of carbon dioxide into an organic compound; done by autotrophs | 84 | |
| 7668153228 | carotenoids | an accessory pigment (yellow or orange) that absorbs light of different wavelengths that chlorophyll cannot | 85 | |
| 7668158108 | photosystem | light capturing unit in the thylakoid that contains chlorophyll in its reaction center | 86 | |
| 7668162905 | cristae | infolding of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion; where oxidative phosphorylation takes place | 87 | |
| 7668166790 | matrix | space inside the inner membrane; where the citric acid cycle takes place | 88 | |
| 7668166791 | stroma | dense fluid inside the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoids; where the light independent reactions take place | 89 | |
| 7668170239 | thylakoid | flattened membrane stack inside a chloroplast; where the light dependent reactions take place, including photophosphorylation | 90 | |
| 7668173971 | intermembrane space | small space to quickly accumulate protons (C) |  | 91 |
| 7668186015 | inner membrane | contains ETC and ATP synthase for oxidative phosphorylation (B) | | 92 |
| 7668200548 | matrix of a mitochondria | has appropriate enzymes and a suitable pH for the krebs cycle (blue) |  | 93 |
| 7668217498 | cristae | highly folded so as to increase SA:Volume ratio |  | 94 |
| 7668238145 | outer membrane of a mitochondria | contains transport proteins for shuttling pyruvates in mitochondrion |  | 95 |
| 7668256812 | double membrane | evidence for endosymbiosis, independent origin |  | 96 |
| 7668276499 | stroma | has appropriate enzymes and a suitable pH for the Calvin Cycle |  | 97 |
| 7668288349 | thylakoid | has ETC and ATP synthase for phosphorylation |  | 98 |
| 7668288350 | granum | flat membrane sacs increase SA:Volume ratio and small internal volumes quickly accumulate ions |  | 99 |
| 7668290812 | lamella | connects and separates thylakoid stacks (grana) |  | 100 |
| 7668335736 | oxidation | losses electrons, becomes more positive, loses H or gains O, NADH to NAD+, H2) to O2, photophosphorylation | 101 | |
| 7668354364 | reduction | gains electrons, becomes less positive, gains H or loses O, NAD+ to NADH, O2 to H2O, oxidative phosphorylation | 102 | |
| 7668373443 | oxidation | complete or partial loss of electrons from a substance in a redox reaction | 103 | |
| 7668373444 | reduction | complete or partial transfer of electrons to a substance in a redox reaction | 104 | |
| 7668379405 | oxidative phosphorylation | the production of ATP using energy from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain coupled with chemiosmosis | 105 | |
| 7668382405 | substrate-level phosphorylation | direct transfer of a phosphate group from an intermediate substrate to ADP | 106 | |
| 7668384829 | photophosphorylation | process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate during the light reactions of photosynthsis | 107 |
