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AP English Language and Composition Flashcards

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4225741126allegorydevice of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to literal meaning usually deals with moral truth or generalization about human existence0
4225770820alliterationrepetition of sounds; initial consonant sounds; reinforces meaning, unifies ideas ect1
4225776839allusiondirect or indirect reference to something that is known; book, art, myth, place2
4225780540ambiguitymultiple meanings (intentional/unintentional) of a word, phrase, sentence or passage3
4225785611Analogysimilarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. represent something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar4
4225800290antecedentword, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun In a sentence it is what "it, he, she or them" refers to5
4225809629antithesisopposition or contrast of ideas; direct oppostie6
4225814158aphorismterse statement which expresses a general truth or moral principle. known author7
4225821867apostrophefigure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction; addressed to something that can't answer8
4225831847atmosphereemotional nod created by entirety of a literary work, established by setting and author's choice of objects described; weather descriptions can contribute9
4225842628caricatureverbal description that exaggerates or distorts for comic effect a person's physical characterisitcs10
4225851621clausegrammatical unit that contains a subject and a verb; independent clause expresses complete thought and dependent can't stand alone11
4225858044Colloquial/colloquialismuse of slang or informalities in speech or writing; gives familiar tone12
4225866992concietfanciful expression in the form of extended metaphor or analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness love is like an oil change13
4225884114connotationnon-literal, associative meaning of a word; implied, suggested meaning home suggests family14
4225897528denotationstrict, literal definition of word, devoid of emotions knife is used to cut food15
4225901717dictionwriter's word choices, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, effectiveness combined with syntax, figurative language, literary devices16
4225912446didactic"teaching"; primary aim its to teach or instruct, especially moral or ethical principles17
4225914709euphemism"good speech"; more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant work or concept passed away instead of dead18
4225929009extended metphormetaphor developed at great length throughout a work19
4225934470figurative languagewriting or speech that is not intended to carry a literal meaning20
4225936171figure of speechdevice used to produce figurative language; compares dissimilar things ex. irony, metaphor, oxymoron, paradox, simile21
4225940589generic conventionstraditions of each genre; help to define genre22
4225948188genremajor category into which a literary work fits prose, poetry, drama23
4225955302homily"sermon"; serious talk, speech about moral or spiritual advice24
4225962835hyperboledeliberate exaggeration or overstatement; "overshoot" opposite of understatement25
4225969201imagerysensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse or represent abstractions. five senses or deeper meaning26
4225977077inference/inferdraw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented27
4225983792invectiveemotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language28
4225991476ironycontrast between what is stated and what is meant29
4225993582verbal ironywhen the words literally state the opposite of the writer's meaning30
4226008348situational ironyevents are opposite of what is expected; what is thought to happen doesn't happen31
4226012315dramatic ironyfacts or events unknown to character, but known to audience or reader32
4226019320litotesform of understatement that involved making an affirmative point by denying its opposite "not a bad idea"33
4226031787loose sentence/non-periodic sentencesentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units i called my friend sally after i got to the party writing is more relaxed; informal34
4226041131metaphorfigure of speech that compares things without using like or as35
4226046742metonymy"changed label" "substitute name" name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it; crown refers to the queen36
4226061111moodprevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of the work37
4226065589narrativetelling of story or account of events or series of events38
4226068570onomatopoeianatural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words39
4226072933oxymoron"pointedly foolish"; figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox40
4226083245paradoxstatement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity41
4226095670parallelism"beside one another"; grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrase, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; repetition of grammatical element42
4226105069anaphorasub-type of parallelism exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences43
4226114987parodywork that imitates the style or content of another with specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule offers enlightenment about another44
4226121688pedanticadjective that describes words, phrases or tone that is over scholarly, academic or bookish45
4226131312periodic sentencepresents central meaning of main clause at the end; adds emphasize and structural variety46
4226134760personificationfigure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, ect in ways that gives them human attribution or emotions47
4226144258point of viewperspective from which story is told48
4226145937first person narratorfirst person pronouns49
4226147981third person narrator and typesevents with third person pronouns; third person omniscient: narrator has godlike knowledge and presents thoughts and actions of all or any characters third person limited omniscient: narrator presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all the remaining characters50
4226162340prosefiction and nonfiction; printer determines length of lines51
4226166256repetitionduplication, exact or approximate, of any element of language52
4226172684rhetoric"orator"; principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently and persuasively53
4226176559rhetorical modesvariety, the conventions and the purposes of the major kinds of writing54
4226179718expositionexplain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence and appropriate discussion55
4226193238arguementationprove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion and argument that thoroughly convince the reader56
4226215736descriptionrecreate, invent, or visually present a person, place or event so reader can picture the scene57
4226220119narrationto tell a story or narrate an event or series of events58
4226228945sarcsm"to tear flesh"; bitter caustic language meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something59
4226230986satiretargets humans vices or social institutions for reform or ridicule. can have wit, parody , caricature, hyperbole60
4226238446semanticsbranch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, historical and psychological development, connotations and their relation to one another.61
4226246085styleevaluation of the sum of choices a author makes in blending diction, syntax and figurative language classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors62
4226259078subject complementword that follows a linking verb and complements or completes the subject of the sentence by either 1. renaming it or describing it63
4226277225predicate nominativenoun that renames the subject Julia Roberts is a movie star64
4226286143predicate adjectiveadjective that modifies or describes the subject65
4226298955subordinate clausecan't stand alone66
4226302164syllogism"reckoning together"; deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (major and minor) and leads to sound conclusion67
4226310239symbolanything that represents or stands for something else68
4226312147natural symbolobjects from nature that symbolize ideas commonly associated with them69
4226317854conventional symbolthose that have been invested with meaning by a group cross70
4226319752literary symbolsfound in variety of works71
4226322522synecdochepart of something represents the whole; MUST BE A PART OF IT wheels present car72
4226332032synesthesiasensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another73
4226335302syntaxway an author chooses to join words, phrases, clauses and sentences; group of words74
4226337957themecentral message of the work75
4226339653thesissentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning76
4226345071tonedescribes the author's attitude toward his material77
4226350202transitionword or phrase that links different ideas78
4226352712understatmentironic minimizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is79
4226358121witintellectually amusing language that surprises or delights80

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