4225741126 | allegory | device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to literal meaning usually deals with moral truth or generalization about human existence | 0 | |
4225770820 | alliteration | repetition of sounds; initial consonant sounds; reinforces meaning, unifies ideas ect | 1 | |
4225776839 | allusion | direct or indirect reference to something that is known; book, art, myth, place | 2 | |
4225780540 | ambiguity | multiple meanings (intentional/unintentional) of a word, phrase, sentence or passage | 3 | |
4225785611 | Analogy | similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. represent something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar | 4 | |
4225800290 | antecedent | word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun In a sentence it is what "it, he, she or them" refers to | 5 | |
4225809629 | antithesis | opposition or contrast of ideas; direct oppostie | 6 | |
4225814158 | aphorism | terse statement which expresses a general truth or moral principle. known author | 7 | |
4225821867 | apostrophe | figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction; addressed to something that can't answer | 8 | |
4225831847 | atmosphere | emotional nod created by entirety of a literary work, established by setting and author's choice of objects described; weather descriptions can contribute | 9 | |
4225842628 | caricature | verbal description that exaggerates or distorts for comic effect a person's physical characterisitcs | 10 | |
4225851621 | clause | grammatical unit that contains a subject and a verb; independent clause expresses complete thought and dependent can't stand alone | 11 | |
4225858044 | Colloquial/colloquialism | use of slang or informalities in speech or writing; gives familiar tone | 12 | |
4225866992 | conciet | fanciful expression in the form of extended metaphor or analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness love is like an oil change | 13 | |
4225884114 | connotation | non-literal, associative meaning of a word; implied, suggested meaning home suggests family | 14 | |
4225897528 | denotation | strict, literal definition of word, devoid of emotions knife is used to cut food | 15 | |
4225901717 | diction | writer's word choices, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, effectiveness combined with syntax, figurative language, literary devices | 16 | |
4225912446 | didactic | "teaching"; primary aim its to teach or instruct, especially moral or ethical principles | 17 | |
4225914709 | euphemism | "good speech"; more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant work or concept passed away instead of dead | 18 | |
4225929009 | extended metphor | metaphor developed at great length throughout a work | 19 | |
4225934470 | figurative language | writing or speech that is not intended to carry a literal meaning | 20 | |
4225936171 | figure of speech | device used to produce figurative language; compares dissimilar things ex. irony, metaphor, oxymoron, paradox, simile | 21 | |
4225940589 | generic conventions | traditions of each genre; help to define genre | 22 | |
4225948188 | genre | major category into which a literary work fits prose, poetry, drama | 23 | |
4225955302 | homily | "sermon"; serious talk, speech about moral or spiritual advice | 24 | |
4225962835 | hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration or overstatement; "overshoot" opposite of understatement | 25 | |
4225969201 | imagery | sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse or represent abstractions. five senses or deeper meaning | 26 | |
4225977077 | inference/infer | draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 27 | |
4225983792 | invective | emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language | 28 | |
4225991476 | irony | contrast between what is stated and what is meant | 29 | |
4225993582 | verbal irony | when the words literally state the opposite of the writer's meaning | 30 | |
4226008348 | situational irony | events are opposite of what is expected; what is thought to happen doesn't happen | 31 | |
4226012315 | dramatic irony | facts or events unknown to character, but known to audience or reader | 32 | |
4226019320 | litotes | form of understatement that involved making an affirmative point by denying its opposite "not a bad idea" | 33 | |
4226031787 | loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units i called my friend sally after i got to the party writing is more relaxed; informal | 34 | |
4226041131 | metaphor | figure of speech that compares things without using like or as | 35 | |
4226046742 | metonymy | "changed label" "substitute name" name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it; crown refers to the queen | 36 | |
4226061111 | mood | prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of the work | 37 | |
4226065589 | narrative | telling of story or account of events or series of events | 38 | |
4226068570 | onomatopoeia | natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 39 | |
4226072933 | oxymoron | "pointedly foolish"; figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox | 40 | |
4226083245 | paradox | statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity | 41 | |
4226095670 | parallelism | "beside one another"; grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrase, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; repetition of grammatical element | 42 | |
4226105069 | anaphora | sub-type of parallelism exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences | 43 | |
4226114987 | parody | work that imitates the style or content of another with specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule offers enlightenment about another | 44 | |
4226121688 | pedantic | adjective that describes words, phrases or tone that is over scholarly, academic or bookish | 45 | |
4226131312 | periodic sentence | presents central meaning of main clause at the end; adds emphasize and structural variety | 46 | |
4226134760 | personification | figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, ect in ways that gives them human attribution or emotions | 47 | |
4226144258 | point of view | perspective from which story is told | 48 | |
4226145937 | first person narrator | first person pronouns | 49 | |
4226147981 | third person narrator and types | events with third person pronouns; third person omniscient: narrator has godlike knowledge and presents thoughts and actions of all or any characters third person limited omniscient: narrator presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all the remaining characters | 50 | |
4226162340 | prose | fiction and nonfiction; printer determines length of lines | 51 | |
4226166256 | repetition | duplication, exact or approximate, of any element of language | 52 | |
4226172684 | rhetoric | "orator"; principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently and persuasively | 53 | |
4226176559 | rhetorical modes | variety, the conventions and the purposes of the major kinds of writing | 54 | |
4226179718 | exposition | explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence and appropriate discussion | 55 | |
4226193238 | arguementation | prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion and argument that thoroughly convince the reader | 56 | |
4226215736 | description | recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place or event so reader can picture the scene | 57 | |
4226220119 | narration | to tell a story or narrate an event or series of events | 58 | |
4226228945 | sarcsm | "to tear flesh"; bitter caustic language meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 59 | |
4226230986 | satire | targets humans vices or social institutions for reform or ridicule. can have wit, parody , caricature, hyperbole | 60 | |
4226238446 | semantics | branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, historical and psychological development, connotations and their relation to one another. | 61 | |
4226246085 | style | evaluation of the sum of choices a author makes in blending diction, syntax and figurative language classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors | 62 | |
4226259078 | subject complement | word that follows a linking verb and complements or completes the subject of the sentence by either 1. renaming it or describing it | 63 | |
4226277225 | predicate nominative | noun that renames the subject Julia Roberts is a movie star | 64 | |
4226286143 | predicate adjective | adjective that modifies or describes the subject | 65 | |
4226298955 | subordinate clause | can't stand alone | 66 | |
4226302164 | syllogism | "reckoning together"; deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (major and minor) and leads to sound conclusion | 67 | |
4226310239 | symbol | anything that represents or stands for something else | 68 | |
4226312147 | natural symbol | objects from nature that symbolize ideas commonly associated with them | 69 | |
4226317854 | conventional symbol | those that have been invested with meaning by a group cross | 70 | |
4226319752 | literary symbols | found in variety of works | 71 | |
4226322522 | synecdoche | part of something represents the whole; MUST BE A PART OF IT wheels present car | 72 | |
4226332032 | synesthesia | sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another | 73 | |
4226335302 | syntax | way an author chooses to join words, phrases, clauses and sentences; group of words | 74 | |
4226337957 | theme | central message of the work | 75 | |
4226339653 | thesis | sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning | 76 | |
4226345071 | tone | describes the author's attitude toward his material | 77 | |
4226350202 | transition | word or phrase that links different ideas | 78 | |
4226352712 | understatment | ironic minimizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is | 79 | |
4226358121 | wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises or delights | 80 |
AP English Language and Composition Flashcards
Primary tabs
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!