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AP English Language & Comprehension Flashcards

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14593987687AnalogyAn extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things.0
14593988895AnaphoraThe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses1
14593990979AnecdoteA short account of an interesting event.2
14593992558AnnotationExplanatory or critical notes added to a text.3
14593996430AntecedentThe noun to which a later pronoun refers.4
14593998562AnitimetaboleRepetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast5
14594000251AntithesisThe direct opposite, a sharp contrast6
14594001960AphorismA short, astute statement of a general truth.7
14594005458AppositiveA word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun.8
14594008153Archaic DictionThe use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language.9
14594009956ArguementA statement put forth and supported by evidence10
14594011155Aristotelian Trianglea diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience11
14594012483AssertionA declaration or statement12
14594049870AssumptionA belief or statement taken for granted without proof.13
14594050827AsyndetonLeaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses.14
14594052628AttitudeA speaker's, author's, or character's position on a subject as revealed through their tone15
14594055654AudienceOne's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.16
14594056364AuthorityA reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.17
14594057355BiasPrejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.18
14594058233CiteIdentifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.19
14594059938ClaimAn assertion, usually supported by evidence20
14594062257Close ReadingA careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.21
14594063247Colloquial/ismAn informal or conversational use of language.22
14594064280Common GroundShared beliefs, values, or positions.23
14594065389Complex SentenceA sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause24
14594065390ConsessionA reluctant acknowledgement or yielding25
14594066413ConnotationThat which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning26
14594069587ContextWords, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.27
14594070343CoordinationGrammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but.28
14594070796CounterargumentA challenge to a position; an opposing argument29
14594071922Commulative SentenceAn independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail30
14594075760Declarative sentenceA sentence that makes a statement31
14594077979DeductionReasoning from general to specific32
14594079401DenotationThe literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition33
14594082673DictionWord choice34
14594083778DocumentationBibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.35
14594084568ElegiacMournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone.36
14594087048EpigramA brief witty statement.37
14594089159EthosA Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals38
14594091748Figurative LanguageLanguage that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.39
14594095304Figure of SpeechAn expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning.40
14594095914Hyperboleexaggeration; overstatement41
14594097139ImageryVivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing).42
14594100054Imperative SentenceA sentence that requests or commands.43
14594101217InductionReasoning from specific to general44
14594103201InversionA sentence in which the verb precedes the subject.45
14594103859IronyA contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen.46
14594105029Juxtapositionplacement of 2 things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences47
14594111986LogosA Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals48
14594112412MetaphorA comparison without using like or as49
14594112900MetonymyUse of an aspect of something to represent the whole.50
14594114426OccasionAn aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing.51
14594115960OxymoronA figure of speech that combines 2 contradictory terms52
14594118544ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory but is actually true53
14594119811ParallelismThe repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns.54
14594123909ParadyA piece that imitates/ exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule55
14594127562PathosA Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals56
14594129176PersonaThe speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing57
14594132181PersonificationAssigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects.58
14594133886PolemicAn argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion59
14594138046PolysyndetonThe deliberate use of a series of conjunctions.60
14594139262Premisemajor, minor Two parts of a syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise.61
14594157173PropagandaA negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information.62
14594159229PurposeOne's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.63
14594159909RefuteTo discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument64
14594163718RhetoricThe study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion."65
14594165296Rhetorical ModesPatterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation.66
14594166458Rhetorical QuestionA question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer.67
14594168727Rhetorical Trianglea diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience68
14594171922SatireAn ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it.69
14594172710SchemeA pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect.70
14594177958Sentence PatternsThe arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions—such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.71
14594180842Sentence VarietyUsing a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect.72
14594181449SimileA figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare 2 things73
14594184133Simple SentenceA statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause.74
14594184892SourceA book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.75
14594186122SpeakerA term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing76
14594187400Straw ManA logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position.77
14594187942StyleThe distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech.78
14594189124SubjectIn rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.79
14594190969Subordinate ClauseCreated by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.80
14594191532SubordinationThe dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.81
14594193312SyllogismA form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.82
14594194005SyntaxSentence structure83
14594194764SynthesizeCombining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.84
14594196756ThesisThe central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer.85
14594197395Thesis StatementA statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit.86
14594198582ToneThe speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience.87
14594226835Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.88
14594226836TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.89
14594226837UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.90
14594226838VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.91
14594226839Zeugama92
14594225235Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.93
14594225236TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.94
14594225237UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.95
14594225238VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.96
14594225239Zeugama97
14594224252Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.98
14594224253TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.99
14594224254UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.100
14594224255VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.101
14594224256Zeugama102
14594223350Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.103
14594223351TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.104
14594223352UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.105
14594223353VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.106
14594223354Zeugama107
14594222232Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.108
14594222233TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.109
14594222234UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.110
14594222235VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.111
14594222236Zeugama112
14594220723Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.113
14594220724TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.114
14594220725UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.115
14594220726VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.116
14594220727Zeugama117
14594219886Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.118
14594219887TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.119
14594219888UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.120
14594219889VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.121
14594219890Zeugama122
14594218302Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.123
14594218303TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.124
14594218304UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.125
14594218305VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.126
14594218306ZeugamaA construction in which one word modifies or governs- often in different sometimes in congruent ways- 2 or more words in a sentence127
14594217116Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.128
14594217117TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.129
14594217118UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.130
14594217119VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.131
14594217120Zeugama132
14594216075Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.133
14594216076TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.134
14594216077UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.135
14594216078VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.136
14594216079Zeugama137
14594215153Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.138
14594215154TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.139
14594215155UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.140
14594215156VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.141
14594215157Zeugama142
14594213821Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.143
14594213822TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.144
14594213823UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.145
14594213824VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.146
14594213825Zeugama147
14594212584Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.148
14594212585TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.149
14594212586UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.150
14594212587VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.151
14594212588Zeugama152
14594211541Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.153
14594211542TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.154
14594211543UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.155
14594211544VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.156
14594211545Zeugama157
14594210585Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.158
14594210586TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.159
14594210587UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.160
14594210588VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.161
14594210590Zeugama162
14594209729Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.163
14594209730TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.164
14594209731UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.165
14594209732VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.166
14594209733Zeugama167
14594208100Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.168
14594208101TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.169
14594208102UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.170
14594208103VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.171
14594208105Zeugama172
14594207168Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.173
14594207169TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.174
14594207170UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.175
14594207171VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.176
14594207172Zeugama177
14594205768Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.178
14594205769TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.179
14594205770UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.180
14594205771VoiceIn grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.181
14594205772Zeugama182
14594204634Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.183
14594204635TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.184
14594204636UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.185
14594204637VoiceIn grammar186
14594203663Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.187
14594203664TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.188
14594203665UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.189
14594203666Voice190
14594202663Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.191
14594202664TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.192
14594202665UnderstatementLack193
14594201834Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.194
14594201835TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a non literal way; also called a figure of speech.195
14594201264Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.196
14594201265TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech.197
14594200687Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.198
14594200688TropeArtful199
14594200160Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.200
14594199935Topic SentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.201
14594199787Topic SentenceA sen202
14594199579Topic Sentence203

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