Terms : Hide Images
| 11948792 | Protestant | nobles who protested against the Catholic Church and the pope, first in Germany | |
| 11948793 | Erasmus | laid the egg that Luther hatched; made his own trans. of the New Testament | |
| 11948794 | indulgences | sold by Tetzel, sparked Luther's criticism | |
| 11948795 | Ninety-Five Theses | authored by Luther, criticizing Catholic Church | |
| 11948796 | transubstantiation | bread and wine literally changes into body and blood of Christ | |
| 11948797 | consubstantiation | Christ is present, but so are bread and wine | |
| 11948798 | Peasants' Revolt | Germany, 1520s; sought lower taxes, common land rights, higher wages; not supported by Luther | |
| 11948799 | Anabaptists | believed in adult baptism, complete separation of church and state, abstaining from public service and military service | |
| 11948800 | Schmalkaldic War | religious wars in 1530s/1540s between nobles (Protestant v. Catholic); led to Peace of Augsburg | |
| 11948801 | Peace of Augsburg | 1555; between nobles in HRE | |
| 11948802 | cuius regio eius religio | prince determines religion of his region (Catholic or Lutheran only) | |
| 11948803 | Institutes of the Christian Religion | main work written by Calvin | |
| 11948804 | ultramontanism | elevated authority of the pope | |
| 11948805 | Ecclesiastical Reservation | Catholic Church lands taken away by Lutherans, ensuing dispute | |
| 11948806 | Michael Servetus | anti Trinitarian executed by Calvin | |
| 11948807 | Justification by faith alone | Lutheran belief that faith is the way to salvation | |
| 11948808 | Solas | sola scriptora, fidei, gratia (scripture, faith, grace) | |
| 11948809 | Zwingli | centered in Zurich, Switzerland; disagreed with Luther's Eucharist, thought it was more a symbolic memorial | |
| 11948810 | Menno Simmons | leader of later Anabaptists; from the Netherlands | |
| 11948811 | Edward VI | son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour; successor of Henry VIII; Protestant-extended Lutheranism into England; associated with Book of Common Prayer | |
| 11948812 | Mary Tudor | daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon; married Philip of Spain; burned Cranmer | |
| 11948813 | Elizabeth I | daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; Act of Supremacy made her head of Anglican Church; known for media via | |
| 11948814 | Thomas More | killed for not supporting Henry's Act of Supremacy | |
| 11948815 | Thomas Cromwell | shut down monasteries and added them to Henry's treasury and wealth | |
| 11948816 | Council of Trent | main reform of the Catholic Church from 1540s-1560s | |
| 11948817 | Luther | often considered the beginner of the Reformation; famous for opposition of the selling of indulgences | |
| 11948818 | Calvin | famous for his theocracy in Geneva | |
| 11948819 | Index of Prohibited Books | part of the counter Reformation, essentially "banned" books that contradicted Catholic teachings | |
| 11948820 | Vulgate | Catholic Bible commonly used during the era | |
| 11948821 | predestination | Calvinist belief; elect go to heaven, reprobate go to hell | |
| 11948822 | elect | destined to go to heaven | |
| 11948823 | reprobate | majority destined to go to hell | |
| 11948824 | Henry VIII | Tudor monarch of England; infamous for his six wives; Act of Supremacy made him head of Church of England; split from Catholic Church due to divorce dispute | |
| 11948825 | Act of Supremacy | made Henry VIII and later Elizabeth I the heads of the church in England | |
| 11948826 | Anglican Church | founded by Elizabeth I | |
| 11948827 | Thirty-Nine Articles | main beliefs of the Anglican Church | |
| 11948828 | St. Ignatius of Loyola | founder of Jesuit order | |
| 11948829 | Thomas Cranmer | author of the Book of Common Prayer; burned at the stake by Mary Tudor | |
| 11948830 | Marburg Colloquy | conference between Luther and Zwingli regarding differences in their belief of the Eucharist | |
| 11948831 | Edict of Worms | imperial assembly in which Luther argued his beliefs | |
| 11948832 | "Here I stand, I can do no other" | said by Luther at the Edict of Worms | |
| 11948833 | Paul III | called the Council of Trent, approved Jesuit order | |
| 11948834 | theocracy | religious leaders also lead state | |
| 11948835 | Society of Jesus | founded by Ignatius of Loyola | |
| 11948836 | Spiritual Exercises | created by Ignatius of Loyola; exercises to build faith | |
| 11948837 | Roman Inquisition | similar to Spanish Inquisition, head up by Charles V | |
| 11948838 | St. John of the Cross | example of spirituality and mysticism of counter-Reformation | |
| 11948839 | St. Teresa of Avila | example of spirituality and mysticism of counter-Reformation; reformed nunneries | |
| 11948840 | Catholic Reformation | "Counter-Reformation" | |
| 11948841 | Cardinal Wolsey | failed to get an annulment for Henry VIII and was beheaded for it | |
| 11948842 | Schleitheim Confession | confession of belief for Anabaptists | |
| 11948843 | Charles V | HRE, nephew of Catherine of Aragon; ruled over Low Countries, Spain, Mexico, Austria | |
| 11948844 | Protestant education | focused on the Bible, cleanliness, work ethic, good citizenship | |
| 11948845 | John Knox | spread Calvinism to Scotland | |
| 11948846 | Albert of Mainz | archbishop over Tetzel; collected fees from sales of indulgences |
