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| 10942018207 | immunity | Resistance to disease | 0 | |
| 11056464450 | non-specific defense system | responds immediately to protect the body from all foreign substances | 1 | |
| 11056468631 | specific (adaptive) defenses | employ activated lymphocytes to mount the immune response to specific threats | 2 | |
| 11056471718 | Pathogens | disease causing agents | 3 | |
| 11056474467 | First line of defense | intact skin, mucous membranes and their secretions, normal microbiota | 4 | |
| 11056479347 | Second line of defense (innate immunity) | -phagocytes, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages -inflammation -fever -antimicrobial substances | 5 | |
| 11056481423 | third line of defense (specific) | Production of specific antibodies or cell-mediated immunity | 6 | |
| 11056483772 | Macrophages | Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream. | 7 | |
| 11056486459 | Monocytes | An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and transform into a macrophage. | 8 | |
| 11056487891 | neutrophils | A type of white blood cell that engulfs invading microbes and contributes to the nonspecific defenses of the body against disease. | 9 | |
| 11056491010 | Opsonization | An immune response in which the binding of antibodies to the surface of a microbe facilitates phagocytosis of the the microbe by a macrophage | 10 | |
| 11056491011 | natural killer cells (NK cells) | pursue diseased cells (such as those infected by viruses or cancer) | 11 | |
| 11056499216 | inflammation | a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues | 12 | |
| 11056501670 | Complement | enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promotes inflammation, and attacks the pathogen's cell membrane. | 13 | |
| 11056506524 | Antimicrobial proteins | Proteins that inhibit microbial reproduction and provide short-term, nonspecific resistance to pathogenic bacteria and viruses | 14 | |
| 11056509649 | Interferons | Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells | 15 | |
| 11056511441 | Lysozyme | an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria | 16 | |
| 11056512777 | Fever | elevated body temperature | 17 | |
| 11056515402 | Humoral immunity or antibody-mediated immunity | B cells provide a defense against antigens and pathogens in body fluids | 18 | |
| 11056516344 | Cellular or cell-mediated immunity | T- cells do the killing of the cells | 19 | |
| 11056518153 | Antigens | foreign substances that trigger the attack of antibodies in the immune response. | 20 | |
| 11056518154 | Antigenic determinant | the specific area of an antigen that binds with an antibody combining site and determines the specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction | 21 | |
| 11056520554 | T lymphocytes | form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances | 22 | |
| 11056520555 | B lymphocytes (B cells) | Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and secretes antibodies. | 23 | |
| 11056523869 | clone | member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell | 24 | |
| 11056525527 | Clonal selection | The process by which an antigen selectively binds to and activates only those lymphocytes bearing receptors specific for the antigen. The selected lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate into a clone of effector cells and a clone of memory cells specific for the stimulating antigen. | 25 | |
| 11056528742 | Immuglobin | - Antibodies - part of specific immune system - Binds to pathogens (can be bad e.g. virus) | 26 | |
| 11056531293 | antigen binding site | The site on an immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor molecule that binds specific antigen. | 27 | |
| 11056533364 | antibody classes (isotypes) | isotypes | 28 | |
| 11056538665 | Antigen-antibody complexes | immobilize the antigens until certain immune cells can break them down | 29 | |
| 11056541976 | neutralization | antibody (NAb) is an antibody that defends a cell from an antigen or infectious body by neutralizing any effect it has biologically. An example of a neutralizing antibody is diphtheria antitoxin, which can neutralize the biological effects of diphtheria toxin. | 30 | |
| 11056550626 | Agglutination | Clumping of microorganisms or blood cells, typically due to an antigen-antibody interaction. | 31 | |
| 11056552550 | Precipitation | sweating | 32 | |
| 11056555776 | Complement fixation and activation | Main antibody defense against cellular antigens, several antibodies bind close together on a cellular antigen, their complement-binding sites trigger complement fixation into the cell's surface, complement triggers cell lysis, activated complement functions, amplifies the inflammatory response, opsonization, and enlists more and more defensive elements. | 33 | |
| 11056557681 | Cell mediated immune response | The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells, which defend against infected cells. | 34 | |
| 11056560082 | Helper T cells | T cells that help the immune system by increasing the activity of killer cells and stimulating the suppressor T cells | 35 | |
| 11056560083 | Cytotoxic T cells | A type of lymphocyte that kills infected body cells and cancer cells | 36 | |
| 11056562772 | Regulatory T cells | control the T-cell response | 37 |
