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| 12912654351 | heart | 12cm long 9cm wide sternum to the vertebral column | 0 | |
| 12912772154 | mediastinum | extends from the sternum to the vertebral column, from the first rib, and between the lungs | 1 | |
| 12912810260 | apex | formed by the tip of the left ventricle and rests on the diaphragm | 2 | |
| 12912854049 | base of heart | opposite of apex and is its posterior aspect. formed by atria and left atrium | 3 | |
| 12912959049 | anterior surface | deep into sternum and ribs | 4 | |
| 12912972507 | inferior surface | between the apex and right surface and rests mostly on the diaphragm | 5 | |
| 12912979640 | right surface | faces the right lung and extends from the inferior surface to the base | 6 | |
| 12912986205 | left surface | faces the left lung and extends from the base to the apex | 7 | |
| 12912988442 | pericardium | membrane that surrounds and protects the heart | 8 | |
| 12912992581 | fibrous pericardium | composed of tough, inelastic, dense irregular connective tissue prevents overstitching of the heart, provides protection, and anchors heart in mediastinum | 9 | |
| 12913026409 | serous pericardium | thinner, more delicate membrane that forms a double layer around the heart | 10 | |
| 12913036871 | parietal layer of serous pericardium | fused to fibrous pericardium | 11 | |
| 12913048174 | visceral layer of serous pericardium | also called epicardium-adheres to tightly to the surface of the heart | 12 | |
| 12913064411 | pericardial fluid | thin film lubricating serous fluid-slippery secretion of pericardial cells reduces friction as heart moves | 13 | |
| 12913079848 | pericardial cavity | the space that contains the few milliliters of pericardial fluid | 14 | |
| 12913088632 | 3 layers of the heart | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium | 15 | |
| 12913095385 | epicardium (external layer) | composed of two tissue layers 1. visceral layer of serous pericardium 2. fibrous elastic and adipose tissue smooth, slippery texture to the outer heart contains blood vessels, lymphatics, and vessels that supply to myocardium | 16 | |
| 12913263771 | myocardium (middle layer) | responsible of pumping action of the heart-composed of cardiac muscle tissue-swirl diagionally, striated, involuntary makes up 95% of heart wall | 17 | |
| 12913312671 | endocardium (innermost layer) | thin layer of endothelium overlying a thin layer of connective tissue provide smooth lining for the chamber of the heart and cover the valves of the heart minimizes surface friction as blood passes through the heart continuous with the endothelial lining of the large blood vessels attached to the heart | 18 | |
| 12913495273 | endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium involving the heart valves-caused by bacteria | 19 | |
| 12913517139 | atria | the two upper chambers of the heart receive blood from blood vessels returning blood to the heart-veins | 20 | |
| 12913520303 | Ventricles | the two lower chambers of the heart eject blood from the heart into blood vessels-arteries | 21 | |
| 12913595155 | auricle | wrinkled pouch-like structure increases capacity to the atrium so it can hold a greater volume of blood | 22 | |
| 12913611249 | sulci | series of grooves contain coronary blood vessels and a variable amount of fat each sulcus marks the external boundary between 2 chambers of the heart | 23 | |
| 12913640304 | coronary sulcus | encircles most of the heart and marks the external boundary between the superior atria and and inferior ventricles | 24 | |
| 12913665244 | anterior ventricular sulcus | shallow groove on the anterior surface of the heart that marks the external boundary between the right and left ventricles on the anterior side of heart | 25 | |
| 12913757796 | right atrium | right surface of the heart and receives blood from 3 veins: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus inside posterior wall-smooth outside posterior wall- rough due to pectinate muscles-muscular ridges | 26 | |
| 12913686444 | posterior interventricular sulcus | marks the external boundary between ventricles on the posterior side of the heart | 27 | |
| 12913862401 | interatrial septum | between right and left atrium- thin partition | 28 | |
| 12916263244 | fossa ovalis | oval depression on interatrial septum remnant of foramen ovale-an opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart that closes after birth | 29 | |
| 12916304241 | tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve) | consists of 3 cusps or leaflets composed of dense connective tissue covered by endocardium | 30 | |
| 12916318767 | right ventricle | forms most of the anterior surface of the heart | 31 | |
| 12916334440 | trabecular carneae | series of ridges formed by raised bundles of cardiac muscle fibers | 32 | |
| 12916348098 | chordae | tendon like chords- connect cusps of tricuspid valve | 33 | |
| 12916366319 | papillary muscles | cone-shaped trabeculae carneae | 34 | |
| 12916372086 | interventricular septum | separates right from left ventricle | 35 | |
| 12916383202 | pulmonary valve | blood passes through to pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle | 36 | |
| 12916396017 | left atrium | forms base of heart receives blood from the lungs through pulmonary veins smooth posterior wall | 37 | |
| 12916415935 | bicuspid valve (left atrioventricular) | two cusps, two-sided | 38 | |
| 12916419599 | left ventricle | thickest chamber of the heart forms apex of the heart contain trabeculae carneae and chordae tendonae | 39 | |
| 12916431294 | aortic valve | The semilunar valve separating the aorta from the left ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle. | 40 | |
| 12916442846 | ligamentum arteriosum | connects arch of aorta and pulmonary trunk | 41 |
