AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

ap Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
8393177963Government0
8393177964DemocracyA political system in which all or most citizens participate directly1
8393190968AutocracyGovernment holds all the power2
8393190969RepublicA government in which elected representatives make decisions3
8393193921OligarcyA form of government where a small group of people hold power4
8393196793TheocracyGovernment held by religious leaders with divine right.5
8393196794AnarchyNo government6
8393201550CommunismAll economic powers lay in the central government7
8393204813Parliamentary SystemLegislative branch chooses executive branch8
8393204814Presidential SystemPresident is elected by the people9
8393208384Unitary SystemAll power resides in central government (ex: Great Britain and Japan)10
8393208385Federal SystemGovernment that separates power between central and federal government11
8393214677Confederal System/ConfederationLoose union of independent states.12
8393214678Unalienable/Natural RightsRights of all human beings that are ordained by God, discoverable in nature and history, and essential to human progress.13
8393218507Social Contract TheoryGive up some freedom for liberty14
8393218508Divine Right Theory15
8393223345RatificationConsent to ratify to an amendment or treaty16
8393226971Virginia PlanProposal to have a strong government17
8393230602New Jersey PlanProposal to make a weaker government18
8393237064The Great Compromise/ ConnecticutA constitutional proposal that made membership in one house of Congress proportional to each state's population and membership in the other equal for all states19
8393237065Bicameral Legislaturetwo housed congress20
8393242296Unicameral LegislatureOne housed congress21
8393242297Electoral CollegeThe People chosen to cast each state's votes in presidential election. Each state has one electoral vote for each senator and representative it has.22
8393245994Three-Fifths Compromise23
8393251019Federalist24
8393254355Anti-Federalist25
8393254356Federalist Papers26
8393258742Seperation of Powersauthority shared by 3 different branches of government.27
8393258743Checks and Balances....28
8393261680Judicial Review...29
8393261681Commerce ClauseArticle 1, Section 8, clause 3. Lets congress regulate trade and commerce30
8393267169Elastic/ Necessary and Proper Clause31
8393267170Equal Protection ClausePromises each citizen equal protection32
8393270698Due Process ClauseDenies government the right to take away life, liberty, and property.33
8393270699Establishment ClauseForbids official religion in government34
8393275317Full faith and credit clausethat states within the United States have to respect the "public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state."35
8393275318Supremacy Clause36
8393278279FederalismGovernment authority between central and state government37
8393278280Delegated PowersPowers to the government38
8393306276Expressed Powers39
8393306277Enumerated/Expressed PowersPowers to congress40
8393311524Implied PowersPowers that the necessary and proper clause gives to Congress41
8393311525Inherent Powers42
8393318656Exclusive Powerspowers only state government have43
8393318657Concurrent Powerspowers shared by state and government44
8393325062Reserved Powerspowers given to both states and government45
8393325063Denied Powersstate powers46
8393325064Extradition47
8393328598Dual FederalismNational gov supreme in its own sphere and state is supreme in its own48
8393328599Cooperative FederalistmNational and state governments share many powers49
8393332237Fiscal FederalismFiscal federalism deals with the division of governmental functions and financial relations among levels of government.50
8393332238Devolution51
8393332239Grants-in-aidMoney is given by national government to states for things like airports, schools, and libraries2aq152
8393337100Categorical GrantGrants in aid for specific purposes53
8393337101Block grantGrant in aid with no restirctions54
8393342505Conditions of aidTerms set by government that states need to meet to receive certain funds55
8393342506Funded mandateStates get somethings do doing what the government tell them to56
8393346333Unfunded mandateStates have to do something for the government, but don't get money in return57
8393346334NullificationDoctrine by the states to declare laws unconstitutional.58
8393349310InitiativeAllows voters to petition to propose legislation &then submit it for a vote by qualified voters59
8393349311ReferendumProcedures enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature60
8393352461RecallProcedure for which voters can remove an elected official from office61
8393352462Political Machinea political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts.62
8393355585Patronage/spils systemPatronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.63
8393355586Party Identificationperson categorized at democrat or republican or etc64
8393358787Party activistsVoter that is more extreme than normal65
8393361745Caucus66
8393361746Superdelagates67
8393366144Two Party System68
8393369785Plurality/Winner-takes-all system69
8393369786Proporational System70
8393373886MInor/THird Party71
8393377789Political Culture72
8393377790Voter Apathy73
8393381240Voter Redistration74
8393381241Liberal75
8393381242Conservative76
8393383981Party Realignment77
8393384583Party Dealignemnt78
8393391199Split-ticket Voting79
8393394129Straight Ticket VotingVoting for your party80
8393399213National Convention81
8393399214National Committee82
8393402878Congressional Campaign Committee83
8393412599Closed Primary84
8393412600Open Primaty85
8393415965Blanket/Top Two primary86
8393423672General Election87
8393423673Safe Seats88
8393423674Coattail Effect89
8393427319Incumbent90
8393427320Campaign FInance91
8393430756Political Action Committee92
8393430757Soft Money93
8393430758Hard Money94
8393436310Electioneering COmmunications95
8393440504Independent Expenditures96
8393444083Federal Election Campaign Act97
8393452527Public Opinion98
8393436311527 Groups-99
8393457227Sampling Error/ Margin of Error100
8393444082Buckley v. ValeoLaw limiting contributions was constitutional but limiting the spending of a candidate's own money was not101
8393463215Iron Triangle/Issue Network/ Subgoverenment102
8393447845Citizens United V. FecOverturned103
8393463216Agenda104
8393467261Issue-attetnion Cycle105
8393469864Issue Network/ Iron Triangle106
8393473659Second-order Devolution107
8393476668THird-Order Devolution108
8393476669Implementiaion109
8393480065Majoritarian Politics110
8393487348Entitlement Program111
8393489941Civil Rights112
8393489942Civil Liberties113
8393489943Due Process-114
8393494776Equal Protection clause115
8393499282Selective Incorporation116
8393499283Prior Restraint117
8393502720Clear and Present Danger Test118
8393502721Exclutionary Rule119
8393507261Probable cause120
8393511368Good-Faith exceptionAn error in gathering evidence can still be used in court if small121
8393514804Strict scrutiny122
8393514805Affirmative Action123
8393519918Publicy Policy124
8393519919McCulloch vs MarylandLets Congress take action even if it clearly doesn't state it in the constitution. Necessary and proper clause125
8393524678Obergefell vs HodgesRight to same sex marriages126
8393528652Mapp vs Ohioevidence illegally gathered cannot be used in criminal trial127
8393528653Gideon v WainrightPeople accused have the right to a attorney even if they cant afford one128
8393534079Schench V united StatesIt is illegal to say things that clearly state illegal actions129
8393534080TInker V Des MoinesPublic school are allowed to wear armbands to class protests as long as it doesn't disturb class130
8393536784Texas v JohnsonFlag burning is not unconstitutional131
8393540160FEC v Wisconsin Right to lifewhich the Court held that issue ads may not be banned from the months preceding a primary or general election.132
8393543871Citizens United v FECDeclared that restricting candidates from the use of corporate or union money to fund independent political broadcasts in candidate elections because it violated the First Amendment.133
8393543872Lemon V kurtzmanThree test are described for deciding whether the government is improperly involved with religion134
8393546527Miranda v Arizona135
8393546528Plessy v FergusonSeparate but equal136
8393550825Brown v Board of EducationSeparate schools are inherently unequal137
8393554723Griswold v ConnecticutBanning birth control is unconstitutional138
8393554724Reed v Reedgender discrimination violates the equal protection clause139
8393554725Roe v WadeState laws banning abortions are unconstitutional140
8393559643University or California v BakkeAllowing race to be one of the factors in college picking141
8393569069Us v WindsorGay couples that marry must receive same benefits142
8393569070Article 1143
8393572830Article 2144
8393572831Article 3145
8393572832Article 4146
8393575681Article 5147
8393575682Article 6148
8393575683Article 7149
8393579648Amendment 1150
8393579649Amendment 2151
8393588854Amendment 3152
8393588855Amendment 4153
8393592491Amendment 5154
8393597634Amendment 6155
8393603128Amendment 7156
8393603129Amendment 8157
8393603130Amendment 9158
8393607192Amendment 10159
8467931880McCain Feingold act-160

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!