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| 8410426714 | Cytology | study of cells | 0 | |
| 8410426715 | Histology | study of tissues | 1 | |
| 8410429312 | To study anatomy, one must be able to: | observe, manipulate, palpate, auscultate | 2 | |
| 8410431955 | Palpation | feeling organs with your hands | 3 | |
| 8410433885 | Auscultation | listening to body sounds with stethoscope | 4 | |
| 8410435103 | Percussion | tapping on body surfaces and listening to echoes | 5 | |
| 8410437308 | Function always reflects structure | Principle of the Complementarity of Structure and Function | 6 | |
| 8410439112 | 1st level of organization - atom combine to form molecules, part of organelles | Chemical | 7 | |
| 8410442338 | 2nd level of organization - organelles combine | Cellular | 8 | |
| 8410443753 | 3rd level of organization - groups of similar cells combine to form | Tissue | 9 | |
| 8410446569 | 4th level of organization - at least 2 tissue types (usually 4) | Organ | 10 | |
| 8410448952 | 5th level of organization - work together to perform a common task example: heart and blood vessels of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM work together | Organ system; | 11 | |
| 8410453841 | 6th level of organization - highest level, living human being | Organismal | 12 | |
| 8410454814 | Axial | main axis of the body - head, neck and trunk | 13 | |
| 8410455389 | Appendicular | appendages, limbs | 14 | |
| 8410456133 | Superior (cranial) | towards the head end or upper part of the body; above | 15 | |
| 8410457892 | Inferior (caudal) | away from the head end or towards the lower part of the body; below | 16 | |
| 8410460240 | Proximal | closer to the point of attachment of a limb to the body | 17 | |
| 8410461190 | Distal | farther from the origin of the body part | 18 | |
| 8410462512 | Dorsal body cavity subdivisions | cranial (skull encloses the brain) and vertebral (encloses the spinal cord) | 19 | |
| 8410465523 | Ventral body cavity subdivisions | thoracic (heart and lungs) and abdominopelvic (abdomen, stomach, intestines, pancreas, urinary tract, digestive viscera, reproductive organs, etc.) | 20 | |
| 8410473649 | Diencephalon | hypothalamus, thalamus, epithalamus | 21 | |
| 8410475652 | Amygdaloid body | almond shaped nucleus that sits on the tail of caudate nucleus - important for emotions - especially important for responding to threats with fear or aggression | 22 | |
| 8410476644 | Fornix | links limbic systems together | 23 | |
| 8410477610 | Limbic system is our __________ brain | emotional/feelings | 24 | |
| 8410481084 | "Smell brain" | Rhinencephalon | 25 | |
| 8410483300 | Reticular formation | central core of medulla, pons and midbrain; composed of white matter - maintains cerebral alertness, filters out repetitive stimuli | 26 | |
| 8410484902 | RAS - reticular activating system | sends continous stream of impulses to cerebral cortex - severe injury to this system results in permanent unconsciousness (irreversible coma) | 27 | |
| 8410489354 | Thalamus | sensory impulses to cerebral cortex for interpretation - memory processing | 28 | |
| 8410489981 | Hypothalamus | autonomic nervous system, acts as an endocrine organ, regulates hormones of the pituitary gland | 29 | |
| 8410491792 | Midbrain | visceral and auditory reflex systems; cranial nerves III and IV | 30 | |
| 8410494642 | Pons | relays info from cerebrum to cerebellum; controls respiratory rate and depth; cranial nerves V-VII | 31 | |
| 8410497997 | Medulla oblongata | relays ascending sensory pathway impulses from skin and proprioceptors - controls heart rate, blood vessels, respiratory rate, vomiting, coughing - sensory info to cerebellum | 32 | |
| 8410502775 | Sagittal plane | right and left halves | 33 | |
| 8410504854 | Frontal plane | front and back halves | 34 | |
| 8410505532 | Transverse | top and bottom halves | 35 | |
| 8410511017 | Anion | accepts electron; negative charge | 36 | |
| 8410511018 | Cation | loses electron; positive charge | 37 | |
| 8410512440 | Ionic bond | transfer of electrons; example: NaCl | 38 | |
| 8410514031 | Covalent bond | sharing of electrons so each atom can fill its outer electron shell at least part of the time; example methane | 39 | |
| 8410517864 | Non-polar | electrically balanced; non reactive | 40 | |
| 8410517871 | Polar | unequal sharing of electrons | 41 | |
| 8410522995 | High electronegative aroms | nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine | 42 | |
| 8410523903 | Hydrogen bond | weak bonds between hydrogen atoms that are already covalently linked to a highly electronegative atom (oxygen or nitrogen) | 43 | |
| 8410526208 | Nutrient pool | current stock of amino acids, carbs and fats - primary effector organs or tissues: liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscles | 44 | |
| 8410532269 | 2 differences between carb-fat pool and amino acid pool | 1 - fats and carbs are oxidized directly to produce energy, while amino acids have to be converted to a citric acid cycle intermediate 2 - excess carb/fat can be absorbed as such, while amino acids can't be stored as proteins - have to be either oxidized for energy or converted to fat or glycogen for storage | 45 | |
| 8410538356 | Organic molecules contain: | carbon | 46 | |
| 8410538357 | Inorganic molecules lack: | carbon | 47 | |
| 8410541134 | Carbs | provide most energy we need, have 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen | 48 | |
| 8410541558 | Fats/Lipids | contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen like carbs but DO NOT have a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen (greater ratio) have fewer polar covalent bonds and are hydrophobic | 49 | |
| 8410546401 | Most common lipid | triglyceride composed of one glycerol and 3 fatty acids - protection, insulation and energy | 50 |
