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8105937950Dye's Policymaking ProcessProblem Identification Agenda Setting Policy Formulation Policy Legitimization Policy Implementation Policy Evaluation0
8105953213Problem IdentificationPublicizing societal problems and demands fro government action1
8105956979Agenda SettingDeciding what issues will be addressed2
8105959125Policy FormulationDeveloping policy proposals to resolve issues3
8105962909Policy LegitimizationGetting support and enacting it into law4
8105965523Policy ImplementationOrganizing departments and agencies5
8105967513Policy EvaluationReport outputs and evaluate impacts6
8105978171Political Elite Public Opinion The MediaWho are the most critical actors in the policymaking process, according to Dye?7
8105984780Political ElitePeople, institutions, and interest groups "on top" are used as mouthpieces and have money to influence the media and policy8
8105990067Public OpinionRepresentative of the views of the American people. Citizens view on politics and government action9
8105998406Latent OpinionOpinions formed on the spot when it is needed10
8106014177RAS ModelReceive Accept Survey. Attempts to explain systematic and random change of opinion11
8106023574Thermostatic Model12
8106045165FilteringThe influence on public opinion that results from journalist's and editor's decisions about which of many potential news stories to report13
8106065377PrimingThe influence on the public's general impressions caused by positive or negative coverage of a candidate or issue14
8106070273SlantThe imbalance in a story that covers one candidate or policy favorably without providing similar coverage to the other side15
8106096115FramingThe influence on public opinion caused by the way a story is presented or covered, including the details explanation, and context offered in the report16
8106102702Credence GoodGoods whose quality is difficult to assess before or after purchase and use17
8106121083Interest GroupsAn organization that seeks to influence government policy by helping to elect candidates who support their policy goals and by lobbying elected officials and bureaucrats18
8106126123LobbyingEfforts to influence public policy through contact with public officials on behalf of an interest group19
8106133228Collective Action ProblemA situation in which members of a group would benefit from working together to produce some outcome, but each individual is better off refusing to cooperate and reaping the benefits from those who do the work20
8106139174Selective IncentivesBenefits that can motivate participation in a group effort because they are available only to those who participate such as member services offered by interest groups21
8106149551Inside StrategyThe tactics employed in D.C. by interest groups seeking to achieve their goals22
8106220346Outside StrategyThe tactics employed outside D.C. to achieve policy goals23
8106223199Scope of Conflict24
8106225107Iron Triangle25
8106225108Median Voter26
8106226894Hard MoneyDonations used to elect or defeat a specific candidate27
8106231095Soft MoneyDonations used for voter mobilization or to promote policy proposals as long as these efforts are not tied to support of defeating a particular candidate28
8106236255PrimaryA ballot vote in which citizens select a party's nominee for general election29
8106246730CaucusA local meeting in which party members select a party's nominee for general election30
8106250907Electoral CollegeThe body that votes for the President based on popular vote in each state31
8106257762Swing StateA US state in which two major political parties have similar levels of support, resulting in the state being viewed as important for presidential elections32
8106268185Retrospective EvaluationEvaluating a policy after its implementation33
8112360722Party OrganizationInvolves the structure of the national, state, and local parties, including poarty leaders and workers34
8112371919Party in GovernmentMade up of the politicians who were elected as canidates of the party35
8112386061Party in the ElectorateIncludes all citizens who identify with the party36
8112404188Unified GovernmentA situation in which one major party holds the majority in Congress, Senate, and Presidency37
8112417310Divided GovernmentA situation in which at least Congress, Senate, or Presidency is dominated by a party different than the other branches38
8112432686Duverger's LawThe principle that in democracy with single-member districts and plurality voting, only two parties canidates will have a realistic chance of winning political office39
8112497850Party RealignmentA change in the size of composition of the party coalition or in the nature of the issues that divided the parties40
8112510540Party Brands41
8112750901Election Cycle42
8112754328GOTV43
8112756761Paradox of VotingThe question of why citizens vote even though their individual votes stand little chance of changing the election outcome44
8112764839Issue VoterSomeone who casts their vote in elections based on political issues45
8112771942Voting CuesPieces of information about a candidate that are readily available, easy to interpret, and lead to a citizen to decide to vote for a particular candidate46

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