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| 9278689471 | nucleus | most important organelle within the cell, it controls the activities of cells and the division of them as well. | 0 | |
| 9278702558 | cytoplasm | is a sticky semifluid found between the nucleus and the cell membrane. Chemical analysis of this shows that it consists of water, salt, carbohydrates, proteins, lips and minerals. -Membranous organelles -Nonmembranous organelles | 1 | |
| 9278723028 | plasma membrane | a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins which forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm. | 2 | |
| 9280310071 | facilitated diffusion | transport substances down a concentration gradient, energy required comes from the collision energy of solute (from a higher to lower concentration ) | 3 | |
| 9280340301 | facilitated diffusion ( channel mediated passive transport) | they only allow one type of solute to pass through -gated channels allow membranes to be selectively - aquaporins are water channels that permit rapid osmosis | 4 | |
| 9280401241 | facilitated diffusion ( carrier mediated passive) | carriers attract&bind to the solute . change shape & release the solute out the other side of carrier. carriers are usually reversible | 5 | |
| 9280430599 | passive transport | move substances down their concentration gradients, (homeostatic) | 6 | |
| 9280440909 | types of passive trasport | simple and facilitates | 7 | |
| 9280445474 | active transport | require the expenditure of metabolic energy by the cell, transport by pumps, pumps are membrane transporters that move substance against its concentration -opposite of diffusion | 8 | |
| 9280471141 | calcium pumps and sodium pumps | active transport | 9 | |
| 9280488985 | ATP | energy from the cell | 10 | |
| 9280512134 | endocytosis | plasma membrane "traps" some extracellular material & brings it into the cell vesicle | 11 | |
| 9280542487 | exocytosis | inside of the cell vesicle to taking it out of the cell large molecules are enclosed in membranous vesicles | 12 | |
| 9280571281 | 2 endocytosis - phagocytosis -pinocytosis | large particles taken over by plasma membrane&enter the cell vesicles, (cell eating) | 13 | |
| 9280589365 | active transport | requires energy use by membrane | 14 | |
| 9280594786 | role of enzymes | chemical catalysts that reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction, regulate cell metabolism - proteins of a complex shape, active site where the enzyme molecule fits the substrate molecule (locks it in ) | 15 | |
| 9280629475 | catabolism | breakdown of cells - cellular respiration is important to this - ( three pathways), glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport systems (ETS) | 16 | |
| 9280638936 | enzymes | regulate cell function by regulating metabolic pathways | 17 | |
| 9280658632 | allosteric effectors | affect enzyme action by changing the shape of the enzyme molecule | 18 | |
| 9280701132 | enzymes general function | most catalyze a chemical reactions in both directions, ( they stand around and wait) constantly being destroyed and replaced. | 19 | |
| 9280729601 | glycolysis | path where glucose is broken apart ( pyruvic acid | 20 | |
| 9280747256 | citric acid( krebs cycle) | citric acid cycle is a repeating sequence of reactions that occurs | 21 | |
| 9280767542 | electron transport sys | protons flow back into the inner chamber throu pump molecules in the cristae & their energy is transferred to AtP | 22 | |
| 9280786551 | anabolism | protein synthesis is a central anabolic pathway | 23 | |
| 9280823922 | cell reproduction | ensures that genetic information is passed from one generation to the next | 24 | |
| 9280833832 | protein synthesis | central anabloic pathway in cells - DNA is a double helix polymer that functions to transfer info, encoded genes, to direct synthesis of proteins | 25 | |
| 9280879528 | RNA | messenger RNA which is a transcript of a code for one polypeptide - mRNA - transcription is inside the nucleus and transport outside of it | 26 | |
| 9289934103 | • Gamete | 27 |
