Terms : Hide Images
| 5208284065 | Civil Rights | -Government action to create equal conditions -Right of a minority group to be free from discrimination by the majority -Equal treatment of minorities by states guaranteed by Equal Protection Clause of Fourteenth Amendment and, at the federal level, by the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment | 0 | |
| 5208284066 | Equal Protection Clause | -Contained in Fourteenth Amendment -Declares that no state shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws" -Protects minorities from discrimination by state governments | 1 | |
| 5208284067 | Civil Rights Act of 1964 | -Landmark legislation that banned racial segregation in schools, public transportation, public facilities and employment—ended Jim Crow -Based on the federal government's power to control interstate commerce | 2 | |
| 5208284068 | Voting Rights Act of 1965 | -Landmark legislation that outlawed discriminatory voting practices responsible for widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the South -Ended literacy tests | 3 | |
| 5208284069 | Affirmative Action | -Policy designed to correct effects of past racial or gender discrimination by giving certain preferences in education or employment to these groups -Courts are increasingly limiting the use of racial preferences | 4 | |
| 5208284070 | Imminent action | Considered "unprotected speech" if a person's speech incites others to take violent action. Involved in the case of Brandenburg vs. Ohio | 5 | |
| 5208284071 | Clear and present danger | Interpretation by Justice Oliver Wendell Homes regarding limits on free speech if it presents a danger to the public or leads to illegal actions; for example, one cannot shout "Fire!" in a crowded theater. | 6 | |
| 5208284072 | Selective Incorporation | The case-by-case process by which liberties listed in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states using the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. | 7 | |
| 5208284073 | Miranda Rights | Statements required of police that inform a suspect of his or her constitutional rights protected by the fifth amendment, including the right to an attorney provided by the court if the suspect cannot afford one | 8 | |
| 5208284074 | Good-faith exception | Courts recognize that minor mistakes may occur while gathering evidence, but that the evidence may still be used in the trial. | 9 | |
| 5208284075 | Original Intent | A view that the Constitution should be interpreted according to the Framers' ideas - conservatives often support this perspective | 10 | |
| 5208284076 | Living Constitution | Assumes that the Constitution was meant to be a dynamic document whose meaning has to account for contemporary social and political context. | 11 | |
| 5208284077 | Suspect Classification | Strict scrutiny: tendency to strike down as unconstitutional any legislation that singles out race or ethnicity, unless the government has a compelling interest in such legislation | 12 | |
| 5208304521 | Strict Scrutiny | Supreme Court rule that classification by race and ethnic background is inherently suspect and must be justified by a "compelling public interest" | 13 | |
| 5208317847 | Brown v. Board of Education | Supreme Court decision that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson; ended legal segregation, saying school segregation is unconstitution | 14 | |
| 5208322868 | Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme Court case that upheld separate-but-equal segregation in 1896 | 15 |
