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AP Government Legislation Review Flashcards

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9584075934Judiciary Act of 1789Congress established federal judiciary (below supreme court)0
9584075935Alien & Sedition Act of 1798President can imprison/deport those considered dangerous;made it a crime to publish criticism against the government1
9584075936Pendleton Act of 1883Attempted to eliminate spoils by creating merit base system for federal jobs; included civil service exam and Office of Personal Management (OPM)2
9584075937Social Security Act of 1935Social insurance program funded through payroll tax; covered unemployment insurance initially, but now retirement, disability, and death3
9584075938Aid to Families with Dependent Children (Social Security Act of 1935)Federal Program that gave per child payments to families below a certain mean level4
9584075939Hatch Act of 1939Prohibits federal employees from taking an active role in politics (e.g. fundraising at work, running for office, etc.)5
9584075940Civil Rights Act of 1964Banned discrimination in public facilities and voter registration6
9584075941Medicare Act of 1965National health insurance programs for the elderly and disabled7
9584075942Voting Rights Act of 1965Outlawed literacy tests,8
9584075943Medicaid (Title XIX of Social Security Act of 1965)Joint federal/state program that provides medical benefits for low-income persons9
95840759441966 Freedom of Information ActFOIA forced the federal government to make most public records accessible to citizens; some limits remain (national security)10
95840759451970 Clean Air ActRequires EPA to develop and enforce regulations to protect the general public from exposure to airborn contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health11
9584075946War Powers Resolution of 1973Attempt to limit President's power to wage war without approval from Congress; President must remove US armed forces within 60 days (up to 90 days for withdrawal) if Congress has not declared war or passed a joint resolution in support of the action12
9584075947Budget & Impoundment Control Act of 1974Reforms the federal budget process so that Congress has more input; President may not impound or rescind funds without Congressional approval13
9584075948Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974Hard money contributions limited to $1000 by individuals, $5000 by PACs; unregulated "soft money" contributions unintended consequence.14
9584075949Title IX (1974)Gender equity in educational programs including athletics15
95840759501986 Gramm Rudmann Budget ActCongress established a procedure to gradually reduce the federal deficit to 0; established ceiling limits, then across-the-board cuts in discretionary spending to take place automatically starting w/Defense; entitlement spending exempt from caps16
95840759511986 Immigration Reform & Control ActCriminalized the act of knowingly hiring an undocumented worker and established financial and other penalties for those employing illegal aliens17
95840759521989 Whistleblower Protection ActMakes it for federal employees to report wrongdoing on part of their boss or agency without retribution18
9584075953Civil Rights Act of 1991Guarantees jury trial and possibility of damages against employers in discrimination cases19
95840759541993 North Atlantic Free Trade AgreementNAFTA called for dramatic reductions of tariffs among the US, Canada, and Mexico; criticized by labor unions and others that jobs would move to where labor was cheaper20
95840759551993 Family Medical Leave ActGave unpaid emergency leave for employees w/ a guarantee that they will not lose their job in interim (includes maternity and paternity leave)21
95840759561993 Brady Handgun Violence Protection ActThe Brady Bill required 5 day waiting period on firearm purchases and mandated criminal background checks by dealers22
95840759571993 Motor Voter ActEnables people to register to vote at motor vehicle departments23
95840759581996 Defense of Marriage Act (D.O.M.A)States may deny "marriage-like arrangements (e.g. civil unions) recognized in other states; defines marriage for federal purposes as union between one man and one woman24
9584075959Personal Responsibility & Work Opportunity Act (Welfare Reform Act of 1996)Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)25
95840759602001 USA Patriot ActExpands authority of US law enforcement for purpose of fighting terrorism (expands FBI electronic surveillance capabilities; foreign student monitoring program26
95840759612002 No Child Left Behind ActIncreases standards of accountability for states and public schools; provide parents more flexibility in choosing schools27
9584075962McCain-Feingold 2004 Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA)Bans "soft money" in political campaigns; increases hard money contributions to $2000 per candidate, 10k to national party committees28
95840759632009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Stimulus package)Economic stimulus package to save and create jobs, provide temporary relief programs for those most impacted by the recession and invest in infrastructure, education, health, and renewable energy29
95840759642010 Affordable Care Act (Obamacare; A.C.A.)Requires insurance companies to cover all applicants and offer the same rates regardless of pre-existing conditions or sex, increased competition, regulation, and incentives to streamline the delivery of healthcare.30

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