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| era where federal government struggled to return the 11 southern states to Union, rebuild South's economy, and promote black rights | ||
| (just say okay) African Americans didn't gain privileges or full citizenship in the 13th amendment | ||
| plan so that 10% of voters have to take a loyalty oath to the Union and the state can set up a new government; can join Congress if abolished slavery and provided education for African Americans; didn't require political or social equality to AA and sympathized with rich white southerners | ||
| party that believes the South should be punished for putting US in war and enslaving AA; led by Republican Thaddeus Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner; wanted full citizenship for AA and supported Sherman's plan | ||
| rejected the 10% plan; made majority of prewar voters to swear loyalty to Union before restoration; AA equality demanded; pocket vetoed by Lincoln | ||
| plan to provide food, clothes, healthcare, and education to black and white refugees until 1872; reunited families and negotiated fair labor contracts; represented AAs in court and fought for their legal rights | ||
| Lincoln's VP; President after Lincoln was murdered; horrible horrible man | ||
| (just say okay) Johnson resented wealthy southerners and had them write pardons; anti-AA voting rights, said states could limit AA rights; only requirement was to ratify and add 13th amendment to state laws | ||
| law that sought to limit the rights of AAs and keep them as slaves; limited different job options for AA such as laborers and servants; enforced with violence | ||
| act that sought to reverse black codes; federal guarantee of civil rights; VETOED BY JOHNSON but then unvetoed | ||
| guaranteed equality for all; those who opposed lost seats in the House depending on size of black population | ||
| Who couldn't hold office (state or federal)? | ||
| divided states who hadn't readmitted yet into 5 military districts; vetoed by Johnson but then unvetoed | ||
| to charge president with wrong doing in office | ||
| Who was impeached when he tried to fire Radical republican Edwin Stanton? didn't resign for fear of upsetting power balance | ||
| 1869; forbid any state of denying suffrage due to race, color, or servitude history; restricted by literacy rates and property owning requirements | ||
| Who became president in 1868 against Horatio Seymour? | ||
| (just say okay) AA used political power, some became superintendents, sheriffs, mayors, representatives in state legislatures; 6 became lieutenant governors | ||
| coined by Southern white critics, whites who were locked out of pre- Civil war politics by wealthy | ||
| newcomer who typically had a cheap looking suitcase (carpet covered); took advantage of opportunities in South like the west, had an advantage over the mostly illiterate South | ||
| separation of races; put strain on economy for having 2 of everything | ||
| no separation of races; unpopular; ex. combined schools | ||
| What place became a social center as well as a place for a growing leader? | ||
| system where landowner gives sharecropper a place to stay, seeds, and tools in return for a "share"; tools bought at high interest, so sharecropper was in debt to landowner who's in debt to the supplier | ||
| system where landowner offers place to stay for a "share" of harvest; worker has to buy own tools and is able to pick the crop; able to have more money | ||
| system when tenant pays rent and manages own crop; had to have good money-management skills | ||
| KKK, started in Tennessee in 1866; burned homes, churches, schools, and killed many AA and their allies; goal was to scare freed people from voting | ||
| 1870-71; federal offense to interfere with right to vote | ||
| reaction to Grant's reelection in 1872; advocated civil service reform; remove army and end Reconstruction | ||
| scandal in New York City (1868-1871); William Marcy Tweed headed a corrupt Democratic political machine (Tammany Hall) that looted $100-200 million from the city. Crusading journalist and others pointed to this organization and its activities as another example of the need for social and political reform. | ||
| Northern support fades as focus shifts to scandals and reform for politics and economy; Supreme Court Decisions impeded equality (Slaughterhouse Cases); Southern Whites begin to gain power | ||
| cases in 1873 where Supreme Court restricted scope of the 14th amendment; a state can decide how to define rights; United States vs. Cruikshank where white mob in LA kills AA | ||
| farmer, democrat, one who explains how higher taxes are from Republicans; ostracized those who were pro Rad. Republicans; allowed AA suffrage; pro- racial segregation | ||
| Who won election of 1876 after a recount by 1 electoral vote? | ||
| ends Reconstruction; has 5 republican senators, 5 democratic House representatives, and 5 Supreme Court Justices; Hayes is elected; remaining troops leave the South; Southerner gets cabinet position | ||
| changed variety of work opportunities, literacy and schooling rates, reuniting with families, and suffrage |
