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AP History: Ch. 19.3 Flashcards

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240629614okay[just say okay] Americans were a mystery as far as military goes, due to an uncertainty of the determination of an army of multi-ethnicities0
240629615GermanyWhat country's U-boats sank numerous Allie's ships, hurting their supplies?1
240629616convoyused by Allies; groups of merchant ships were surrounded by warships that protected them2
240629617Vladimir LeninRussian communist who gained control of the tarnished Russia and stopped war3
240629618Treaty of Brest-Litovsktreaty ending war between Russia and Germany; ended Eastern front fighting so there as more concentration to the western front4
240629619Ferdinand FochFrench general who led Allies once focus was on Western Front5
240629620John J. Pershingcommander of American forces in Europe6
240629621okay[just say okay] US troops started to pour in as German offense began to wilt7
240629622doughboyaka American soldier8
240629623defenseAmerican position at Second Battle of Marne9
240629624offenseAmerican position at Battle of Cantigny10
240629625Alvin YorkAmerican war hero of Tennessee; earned Congressional Medal of Honor; dodged a lot of bullets and shot down a machine gun nest; one of thousands of heroes11
240629626369th Infantry RegimentAA force that received the Croix de Guerre, a French award for bravery12
240629627okay[just say okay] American troops came at a good time, to help the Allies crush the wilting Central Powers13
240629628LeninWho believed the war was simply an imperialistic land-grabbing session?14
240629629peace without victoryWilson's idea of the goal of the war15
240629630Fourteen Pointsexposed Wilson's idea of peace without victory; proposed peace inspired by noble ideas, instead of greed and vengeance16
240629631Fourteen Pointssought to fundamentally change world by promoting openness, encouraging independence, and supporting freedom; called for open diplomacy17
240629632self-determinationright for people to choose their own form of govt.; championed by Wilson18
240629633League of nationssecured mutual guarantees of political independence and territory integrity to great and small states alike; pushed for by Wilson19
240629634Henry Cabot LodgeSenator hated by Wilson; republican foreign policy expert who wasn't invited to Versailles20
240629635WilsonWho arrived at Versailles with a huge welcome and support?21
240629636reparationspayment for war damages22
240629637AlliesBesides the US, which "side" of the war wanted Germany to suffer because of the damage that had been done?23
240629638David Lloyd-GeorgeBritish prime minister who knew country wanted both peace and victory24
240629639George ClemenceauFrench Premier who wanted Germany stripped of all weapons vast German payments for costs of war, separate Rhineland to serve as buffer state France<>Germany25
240629640okay[just say okay] there were many problems with the peace treaties; didn't use self-determination; split up countries randomly26
240629641okay[just say okay] German-Americans were upset with treaty, that blamed Germany; Irish-Americans were upset that Ireland never gained independence27
240629642RepublicanThe Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the Senate itself were of what party? This caused stiff opposition against Wilson28
240629643irreconcilablesisolationist senators that opposed any treaty including the League of Nations; opposed article 1029
240629644Article 10called for mutual defense by the signers of the treaty; respect for territorial integrity and existing political independence of Members of the League30
240629645reservationistgroup of senators led by Lodge; opposed treaty as it was written; varied from wanting big to small changes; wanted Congress to be able to control war status;31
240629646okay[just say okay] Wilson was close to death as he crusaded for his League of Nations32

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