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AP Human Geography Vocabulary: Culture, Language, Religion Flashcards

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8941422415Cultural Appropriationwhen non-cultural members privatize cultural knowledge for personal gain0
8941422416Material Culturephysical manifestation of human activities1
8941422417Nonmaterial Cultureideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people's behavior2
8941422418Placelessnessloss of uniqueness of place; localities look like the next3
8941422419Survey Systemssystems used to collect data4
8941422420Acculturationthe adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture5
8941422421Adaptationnew people adapt to the culture of the previously existing people6
8941422422Assimilationwhen a group of people acquires characteristics of another group7
8941422423Cultural Convergencethe tendency for cultures to become more alike by improved transportation and communication8
8941422424Cultural Divergenceseparation of cultures through less interaction9
8941422425Culture Complexthe group of traits that defines a particular culture; cultural traits are interrelated10
8941422426Cultural Realmthe entire region that displays the characteristics of a culture11
8941422427Culture Regionsa portion of earth occupied by a population sharing distinctive cultural characteristics12
8941422428Diffusionthe movement of ideas, notions, and innovations13
8941422429Expansion Diffusionwhen a trend is spread outward from its heart (types: contagious, hierarchical, stimulus)14
8941422430Relocation Diffusionspread of an idea through physical movement from one place to another15
8941422431Global-Local Continuumwhat happens at the global scale directly affects what happens locally and vice-versa16
8941422432Innovation Adoptionstudy of how, why, and at what rate new technology spreads throughout a culture.17
8941422433Cultural Shatter-Beltan area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values18
8941422434Ethnic Cleansingsystematic attempt to remove all people of a particular ethnicity from a country or region by either forced migration or genocide19
8941422435Ethnic Homelanda sizable area inhabited by an ethnic majority that exhibits strong attachment to the region20
8941422436Ethnic Neighborhooda (usually urban) neighborhood where a local culture can practice its customs21
8941422437Segregationthe enforced separation of different racial groups in a country or region22
8941422438Dowry Deathdeath of women by murder or suicide resulting from her husband or inlaw's efforts to increase dowry23
8941422439Enfranchisementto admit to citizenship; right of voting24
8941422440Gender Gapa measurable difference between the behaviors of men and women25
8941422441Infanticidethe murder of infants26
8941422442Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy related causes per 100,000 live births27
8941422443Creolea language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people / a language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated28
8941422444Dialectlocal or regional characteristics of a language29
8941422445Isoglossa geographical boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs30
8941422446Language Familya group of languages descended from a single ancestral language31
8941422447Language Groupa set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics32
8941422448Lingua Francaa language used among speakers of different languages for trade and commerce33
8941422449Monolingualable to speak only one language34
8941422450Bilingualable to speak two languages35
8941422451Multilingualable to speak several languages36
8941422452Official Languagea language a government designates for instruction, government, courts, etc.37
8941422453Pidginwhen two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary38
8941422454Protolanguagean assumed, reconstructed, or recorded ancestral language39
8941422455Toponyma place's name40
8941422456Animismthe belief that inanimate objects possess souls41
8941422457Ethnic Religiona religion that is particular to one culturally distinct group of people42
8941422458Fundamentalismthe interpretation of every word in the sacred text as literal truth43
8941422459Geomancy (feng shui)Chinese art and science of the placement and orientation of tombs, dwellings, buildings, and cities44
8941422460Interfaith Boundariesboundaries between the world's major faiths45
8941422461Intrafaith Boundariesboundaries within a single major faith46
8941422462Monotheismbelief in a single God47
8941422463Polytheismbelief in multiple gods48
8941422464Pilgrimagereligious journey to holy land49
8941422465Reincarnationthe idea that after this life you will come back as a plant, animal, or human50
8941422466Sacred Spaceplace or space people infuse with religious meaning51
8941422467Shamanismcommunity faith in traditional societies in which people follow their shaman (a person that can access the spirit world)52
8941422468Secularismthe emphasis on the here-and-now rather than on the spiritual and otherworldly; view that religion need not be the center of human affairs53
8941422469Sharia Lawthe system of Islamic law based on varying degrees of interpretation of the Qu'ran54
8941422470Sunnia Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of the Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam55
8941422471ShiaMuslims who thought that only Muhammad's descendants could become caliphs56
8941422472Syncretismthe development of a new form of culture trait by the fusion of two or more parental elements57
8941422473Theocracya state whose government is under the control of a "divinely guided" ruler or rulers58
8941422474Universalizinga belief system that espouses the idea that there is one true religion that is universal in scope59

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