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AP Lang and Compostiion Flashcards

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10535872315AlliterationRepetition of initial consonant sounds0
10535872316AllusionAn indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event.1
10535872317AnalogyAn extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things.2
10535872318Anaphorathe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses3
10535872319anecdoteA short account of an interesting event.4
10535872320AnnotationExplanatory or critical notes added to a text.5
10535872321Antithesis:parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas6
10535872322AphorismA short, astute statement of a general truth.7
10535872323ArgumentA statement put forth and supported by evidence.8
10535872324AttitudeThe speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone.9
10535872325Audience: One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.10
10535872326AuthorityA reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.11
10535872327Bias:Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.12
10535872328Cite:Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.13
10535872329Close readingA careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.14
10535872330Colloquial/ismAn informal or conversational use of language.15
10535872331Common groundShared beliefs, values, or positions.16
10535872332ConcessionA reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.17
10535872333ConnotationThat which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation).18
10535872334Context: Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.19
10535872335CounterargumentA challenge to a position; an opposing argument.20
10535872336DeductionReasoning from general to specific.21
10535872337DenotationThe literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition.22
10535872338DictionWord choice.23
10535872339DocumentationBibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.24
10535872340EthosA Greek term referring to the character of an author; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos).25
10535872341Figurative languageThe use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect.26
10535872342HyperboleExaggeration for the purpose of emphasis.27
10535872343ImageryVivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing).28
10535872344InductionReasoning from specific to general.29
10535872345IronyA contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result.30
10535872346JuxtapositionPlacement of two things side by side for emphasis.31
10535872347LogosA Greek term that means "reason"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos).32
10535872348MetaphorA figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison.33
10535872349Occasion/ExigenceAn aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing.34
10535872350OxymoronA figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms.35
10535872352ParodyA piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule.36
10535872351ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory but is actually true.37
10535872353PathosA Greek term that appeals to the readers' emotions; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos).38
10535872354PersonaThe speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing.39
10535872355PersonificationAssigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects.40
10535872356PropagandaA negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information.41
10535872357PurposeOne's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.42
10535872358RefuteTo discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument.43
10535872359RhetoricThe study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion."44
10535872360Rhetorical questionA question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer.45
10535872361SatireAn ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it.46
10535872362SimileA figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things.47
10535872363SourceA book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.48
10535872364SpeakerA term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing.49
10535872365StyleThe distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech.50
10535872366SubjectIn rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.51
10535872367SubordinationThe dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.52
10535872368SyntaxSentence structure.53
10535872369SynthesizeCombining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.54
10535872370Thesis statementA statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit.55
10535872371ToneThe speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience.56
10535872372Topic sentenceA sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph,`57
10535872374UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.58
10721706198conventionalfollowing traditional forma and genres59
10721711909Disdainfulshowing contempt or lack of respect60
10721715209morosesullen and ill-tempered61
10721718898Indignantfeeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment62
10721724941Congenialpleasant because of a personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one's own63
10721729383innocuousnot harmful or offensive64
10721731920jocundcheerful and lighthearted65
10721734998archaicold or old-fashioned66
10821932044Narrationthe action or process of telling a story67
10821960563expository writinga type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform68
10821991308description writingIn composition, description is a rhetorical strategy using sensory details to portray a person, place, or thing.69
10822001165argumentation writinga genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect, generate, and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner70
10822006925loose sentenceA type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.71
10822019569periodic sentencea type of sentence in which details are placed before the main idea or independent clause (hint: periodic means the point is made at the period-at the end of the sentence)72
11622852121elegiacof, relating to, or involving mourning or expressing sorrow73
11622860151facetiouslightly ausin; unserious; frivolous; especially at the wrong time74
11622865060wrysatiric; bitter75
11622868934vexedannoyed; irritated; distressed76
11622872179inflammatorylikely to stir up anger or trouble77
11622876387bemusedpreoccupied; deep in thought78
11622879486belligerentaggressively hostile; warlike79
11622885762sentimentalcolored by emotion rather than realism80
11907050013chloerichot-tempered, easily angered81
11907053679didacticintended to teach82
11907062781haughtyproud and vain to the point of arrogance83
11907066962ubiquitouspresent or existing everywhere84
11907071014reverentfeeling or showing deep and solemn respect85
11907074495ribaldoffensive in speech or gesture86
11907082181apatheticshowing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern87
11907087202callousshowing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others88
12229580872trivalizecause something to appear unimportant89
12229580873denigrateto speak damagingly of; criticize in a derogatory manner90
12229580874lionizeto treat as a celebrity91
12229580875vilifiesto speak or write of in a disparaging manner92
12229580876enumeratesmention (a number of things) one by one93
12229580877cacophonousharsh sounding, having dissonance94
12229580878esoteric(adj.) intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret95
12229580879bombasticpompous; using inflated language96
12739833284BedlumWild uproar of confusion97
12739833285antisepticclean, sterile98
12739833286marqueeRooflike structure usually made out of glass99
12739833287HerniateProtrude abnormally100
12739833288adulationexcessive devotion to someone101
12739833289impetusa force that moves something along102
12739833290rudimentaryBasic103
12739833291enigmaSomething/someone that is puzzling104
12739833292Ostracizedshunned, excluded105
12739833293vauntedto boast about106
13638814480Synesthesiasubstituting one sensory response for another107
13638817261double entendrea word or phrase open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risqué or indecent.108
13638818495banalso lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring109
13638820100urbane(esp. of a man) suave, courteous, and refined110
13638821281ominousgiving the impression that something bad or unpleasant is going to happen; threatening111
13638825986discursivedigressing from subject to subject112
13638827159austeresevere or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance113
13638828988convolutedextremely complex and difficult to follow114
13638873472crypticsomething that is mysterious or obscure115
13638875922Futilehaving no useful purpose116
13638877805quandarya state of uncertainty or perplexity117
13638879670indolentwanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy118
13638881325listlesslacking energy and enthusiasm119
13638882675flagrantextremely or deliberately shocking or noticeable120
13638885124mollifyto calm or soothe; reduce the severity of one's anger121
13638886473dubioushesitating or doubting122

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