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AP Language and Composition Flashcards

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7024693009Appealspersuasive pleas of shared values or credibility to reason or logic0
7024693241Argumentstatement put forth and supported by evidence1
7024693242Assertionemphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument2
7024693535Assumptionbelief or statement taken for granted without proof3
7024693536Dictionthe word or choices made by a writer4
7024694301Figurative languagelanguage employing one or more figures of speech5
7024694703Rhetoricthe are of presenting ideas in effective, and persuasive manner6
7024696600Rhetorical devicesliterary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression and persuasion7
7024697276Rhetorical modespatterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose8
7024697522Rhetorical patternsformat or structure followed by a writer such as comparison/contrast or process analysis9
7024697523structurethe arrangement or framework of a sentence, paragraph, or work10
7024697737Stylechoices a writer makes; combination of distinctive features of a literary work11
7024697738Syntaxthe manner in which words are arranged into sentences12
7024697944Themecentral idea of a work, central message of a work13
7024697945Thesisthe primary position taken by a writer or speaker14
7024698307Balanced sentencesentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast15
7024698308complex sentencea sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause16
7024698689compound sentencea sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions17
7024699604compound complex sentencea sentence with two or more principal clauses and one or more subordinate clauses18
7024755103Cumulative sentencesentence which main independent clause is elaborated by successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases19
7024699605Declarative sentencea sentence that makes a statement or declaration20
7024700206exclamatory sentencea sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark21
7024700207Imperative sentencea sentence that gives a command22
7024700581Interrogative sentencea sentence that asks a question23
7024700929Inverted syntaxthe reversal of the normal or expected work order in a sentence24
7024700930Periodic sentencesentence that is not grammatically complete until the final clause or phrase; sentence that does give the reader the main point25
7024701410simple sentencea sentence consisting of one independent sentence clause and no dependent clause26
7024701414Absolutea word/statement free from limitations or qualifications27
7024702335Allegorya literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions28
7024702336Alliterationthe repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables29
7024702585Allusionan indirect reference, often to another text or and historic event30
7024702586Analogya comparison of two different things that are similar in some way31
7024702993Anecdotea brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event32
7024702994Antecedentthe noun to which a later pronoun refers33
7024703558Antithesisa statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced34
7024703559Aphorisma concise, statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhyme or balance35
7024703865Appositiveword or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun36
7024703866Audienceone's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed37
7024704075Authoritya reliable, a respected source- someone with knowledge38
7024704076Biasprejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue39
7024704077Citeidentifying a part of piece of writing as being derived from a source40
7024704393Claimand assertion, usually supported by evidence41
7024704394Close readinga careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text42
7024705217Colloquialisminformal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing43
7024705218Concessiona reluctant acknowledgment or yielding44
7024705490Concrete detailsdetails that relate to or describe actual, specific things or events45
7024728570Connotationthat which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning. The feeling of a word46
7024761303Counterargumenta challenge to a position; an opposing argument47
7024761901Deductionreasoning from general to specific48
7024764260Denotationthe literal meaning of a word; dictionary definition49
7024764979Didactivehaving the primary purpose of teaching or instruction50
7024768113Dissonanceharsh,inharmonious, or discordant sounds51
7024769253Double entendrefigure of speech in which a word or phrase can be understood in two ways52
7024770152Ernstitiouscharacterized by a deep fanatical love for reading, writing, and 49ers football53
7024771561Epigrapha saying or statement on the title page of a work, or used as a heading of a chapter or other section of a work54
7216600389factssupports or obscures truth55
7216602087Figurative languagefigures of speech going beyond literal meaning56
7216603310figure of speechexpression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning57
7216604876foreshadowingadvance sign or warning of what is to come in the future58
7216606475hyperboleexaggeration for the purpose of emphasis59
7216607792imageryvivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses60
7216609337idiomexpression that can not be understood from literal meaning of the words in the expression61
7216611136implicationa suggestion an author or speaker makes without stating it directly62
7216612728inductionreasoning from specific to general63
7216613503invectivean intensely vehement, highly emotional verbal attack64
7216615197ironycontradiction between what is said and what is meant65
7216616580Jargonspecialized language or vocabulary of a particular group or confession66
7216617820johnsonianmarked by extreme levels of genius, visionary, and original thought, creativity, power, elegance, and aesthetic perfection67
7216625142juxtapositionplacement of two things side by side for emphasis68
7216625966maxima concise statement, often offering advice; an adage69
7216628393metaphorfigure of speech making an implicit comparison70
7216630511motifstandard theme, element, or dramatic situation that recurs in various works71
7216631792oxymoronfigure of speech that combines two contradictory terms72
7216632966paradoxan apparently contradictory statement that actually combines some truth73
7216635203parallelismuse of corresponding grammatical or syntacial forms74
7216636115parodyhumorous imitation75
7216637742parenthetical commenta comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to quality or explain76
7216639458pedanticused to describe a writing style characterized by excessive display of learning or scholarship77
7216641628personaspeaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of piece of writing78
7216643511personificationassigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects79
7216644633propagandanegative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present info80
7216646198purposeoneś intentions81
7216646712refuteto discredit an argument , particularly a counterargument82
7216648307rhetorical questionquestion asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer83
7216650527satireuse of humor to emphasize human weaknesses or imperfections in social institutions84
7216651913sourcea book, cite article person etc85
7216652828stream of consciousnesstechnique characterized by the continuous unedited flow of conscious experience through mind recorded on paper86
7216655202subtextcontent of a work which is not announced explicitly by the characters87
7216657570synthesizecombining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex88
7216658871truthsubject of much debate89
7216659916understatementthe deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it90
7216663943vernaculareveryday speech of a particular country or region, often involving nonstandard usage91
7216665537voicein grammar, term for the relationship between a verb and a noun92
7216666982c.¨circa¨ from a specified time93
7216667399e.g.¨and elsewhere¨ use when giving an example94
7216670345et al.¨and others¨ use when suggesting that there are other pertinent data95
7216672409ibid.¨in the same place¨ use when citing a preceding reference96
7216673562i.e.¨that is¨ use when restating something97
7216674262sicintentionally so written- used after a printed word or passage to indicate that is intended exactly as printed to indicate that it exactly reproduces an original98

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