AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP Language and Composition Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14674198847Active voiceIn grammar, an active voice is a type of clause or sentence in which a subject performs an action and expresses it through its representative verb; when a subject performs an action directly, it is an active voice0
14674198848ad hominemDirected against a person rather than the position they are maintaining1
14674198849Allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.2
14674198850Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.3
14674198851Allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.4
14674198852Ambiguitythe quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.5
14674198853AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way6
14674198854Anaphorathe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses7
14674198855AnastropheInversion of the natural or usual word order8
14674198856anecdotea short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person9
14674198857Antithesisa person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else10
14674198858Aphorisma pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."11
14674198859Apostrophea figure of speech sometimes represented by exclamation "O". A writer or a speaker, using an apostrophe, detaches himself from the reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech.12
14674198860Asyndetonthe omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence.13
14674198861BandwagonUsed in reference to an activity, cause, etc. that is currently fashionable or popular14
14674198862Chiasmusa rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form ex: "poetry is the record of the best and happiest memories of the happiest and best minds"15
14674198863Connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.16
14674198864Deductivecharacterized by or based on the inference of particular instances from a general law.17
14674198865Denotationthe literal meaning of a word18
14674198866DictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words19
14674198867EthosEthical appeal20
14674198868EuphemismAn indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant21
14674198869fallacy(n.) a false notion or belief; an error in thinking22
14674198870fugurative languageWhen you use a word or phrase that does not have its normal everyday meaning23
14674198871Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.24
14674198872ImageryDescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)25
14674198873Inductivecharacterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances.26
14674198874Ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.27
14674198875Jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.28
14674198876Juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.29
14674198877LogosAppeal to logic30
14674198878Metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.31
14674198879MoodFeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader32
14674198880OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.33
14674198881Oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction34
14674198882Paradoxa seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.35
14674198883passive voicethe voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb36
14674198884PathosAppeal to emotion37
14674198885Personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.38
14674198886point of viewa particular attitude or way of considering a matter.39
14674198887Poisoning the WellDiscrediting a person's claim by presenting unfavorable information (true or false) about the person. Person B attacking Person A before Person A can make his/her claim. Example: 'John, an abusive alcoholic, will now give his argument for the legalization of public drinking'.40
14674198888Puna joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.41
14674198889Red Herringsomething, especially a clue, that is or is intended to be misleading or distracting.42
14674198890RepetitionRepeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis43
14674198891RhertoricThe art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques44
14674198892rhetorical questionA question asked to create a dramatic effect or make a point rather than to get an answer45
14674198893Satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.46
14674198894SimileA comparison of two unlike things using like or as47
14674198895Straw ManWhen a writer argues against a claim that nobody actually holds or is universally considered weak.48
14674198896Stylethe choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work49
14674198897SyllogismA form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.50
14674198898SymbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.51
14674198899Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa52
14674198900SyntaxSentence structure53
14674198901Synthesiscombining parts into a whole54
14674198902ThemeCentral idea of a work of literature55
14674198903Thesisa statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.56
14674198904ToneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character57
14674198905Understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.58
14674198906Zeugmause of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings59

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!