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AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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7355813997AbstractRefers to language that describes concepts rather than concrete images.0
7355822808Ad HominemIn an argument this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. Comes from Latin "against the man"1
7355829273AllegoryAn extended narrative in prose or verse in which characters, events, and settings represent abstract qualities and in which the writer intends a second meaning to be read beneath the surface of the story2
7355840891AlliterationRepetition of a consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are close to one another3
7355845829AllusionReference to a well known person, place, or thing from literature, history etc...4
7660858641analogycomparison of two similar but different things, usually to clarify an action or a relationship5
7660866186anaphorarepetition of a word phrase or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row6
7660871826anecdotea short simple narrative of an incident7
7660876544annotationexplanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite sources or give bibliographical data8
7660883683antithesisthe presentation of two contrasting images. ie: To be or not to be9
7660891264aphorisma short often witty statement of a principle or a truth about life10
7660899341apostropheusually in poetry but sometimes in prose; the device of calling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, place, thing or personified abstraction11
7660916723argumentationwriting that attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or an idea by presenting reasoned arguments12
7660925118assonancerepetition of vowel sounds between difference consonants, such as in neigh/fade13
7660931421asyndetoncommas used to separate a series of words. Effects flow of the sentence14
7660941956cacophonyharsh, awkward, or dissonant sounds used deliberately in poetry or prose15
7660943928caricaturedescriptive writing that greatly exaggerates or distorts a persons physical features16
7660943929colloquialisma word or phrase used in every day conversation, that should be omitted from formal writing17
7660943930coherencequality of a peice of writing in that all parts of it relate back and contribute to the central idea, theme or thesis18
7660947754concrete languagelanguage that describes physical things as opposed to abstract thoughts19
7964161715Connotationimplied or suggested meaning of a word because of its association in the reader's mind20
7964168854Consonancerepetition of identical consonant sounds within two or more words in close proximity21
7964175748conundruma riddle whos answer is or involves a pun22
7964179954deductionthe process of moving from a general rule to a specific example23
7964184602denotationliteral meaning of a word as defined24
7964191594descriptionthe picturing in words of something or someone through detailed observation25
7964198624dictionword choice; an element of style26
7964201907didacticwriting whose purpose is to instruct or teach (moral or ethical concerns)27
7964209591discoursespoken or written language including literary works (description, exposition, narration and persuasion)28
7964247709dissonanceharsh grating sounds that do not go together29
7964251609dramatic ironywhen the reader is aware of an inconsistency between a fictional or nonfictional characters perception of a situation and the truth of that situation30
7964261030emotional appealwhen a writer appeals to the readers emotions (pathos) to excite and involve the argument31
7964274916epigraphthe use of quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at the theme32
7964282436ethical appealwhen a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him/her based on a presentation of image of self through text33
7964300832euphemisma more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable.34
7964313918euphonya succession of harmonious sounds used in poetry or prose35
7964317886examplean individual instance taken to be representative of a general pattern36
7964324664explicationthe art of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text37
7964329343expositionthe immediate revelation to the audience of the setting and other background information necessary for understanding the plot38
7964336168extended metaphora sustained comparison often referred to as a conceit39
8395163269false analogywhen two cases are not sufficiently parallel to lead readers to accept a claim of connection between them40
8395186260figurative languagelanguage that contains figures of speech such as similes and metaphors in order to create associations that are imaginative rather than literal41
8395199731figurative speechexpressions such as similes metaphors and personification that make imaginative rather than literal comparisons and associations42
8395216761foreshadowingthe use of a hint or clue to suggest a larger event that occurs late in the work43
8395225243freight trainsentence consisting of three or more very short independent clauses joined by conjunctions44
8395237195generalizationwhen a writer bases a claim upon an isolated example or asserts that a claim is certain rather than probable45
8395251227genrea type of literary work such as a novel or poem46
8395259131hubristhe excessive pride of ambition that leads a tragic hero to disregard warnings of impending doom eventually causing his or her downfall47
8395274917humoranything that causes laughter or amusement48
8395280112hyperboledeliberate exaggeration in order to create humor of emphasis49
8395287818imagea word or words either figurative or literal used to describe a sensory experience or an object perceived by the sense50
8395306480imagerywords or phrases that use a collection of images to appeal to one or more of the five sense in order to create a mental picture51
8395318715inductionthe process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization52
8395328583inferencea conclusion one can draw from the presented details53
8395340466interior monologuewriting that records the conversation that occurs inside a characters head54
8395347128invectivea verbally abusive attack55
8395351520inversionreversing the customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase56
8395366001ironya situation or statement in which the actual outcome or meaning is opposite to what was expected57
8395380086jargonthe special language of a profession or group58
8395391489logicthe process of reasoning59
8395394189logical fallacya mistake in reasoning60
8395399749lyricalsonglike61
8395404152metaphora figure of speech in which one thing is referred to as another62
8395408779metonymya figure of speech that uses the name of an object, person, or idea to represent something with which it is associated63
8395422676modethe method or form of a literary work64
8395428929moodsimilar to tone mood is primarily emotional attitude of a work65
8395435491moralthe lesson drawn from a piece of literature66
8395443054motifmain theme or subject of a work that is elaborated on in the development of the piece67
8395453432narrationthe telling of a story68
8395456766negative positivesentence that begins by stating what is NOT true then ending by stating what is true69
8667818498non-sequiturLatin for it does not follow. when one statement is'nt logically connected to another70
8667827946objectivityan impersonal presentation of events and characters71
8667831971onomatopoeiasound words72
8667834140oversimplificationwhen a writer obscures or denies the complexity of the issues in an asrgument73
8667839351oxymorona figure of speech composed of contradictory words or phrases74
8667846810pacingthe movement of a literary piece from one point or one section to another75
8667857247parablea short tale that teaches a moral76
8667859842paradoxa statement that seems to contradict itself but turns out to have a rational meaning77
8667872573parallelismthe technique of arranging words, phrases, clauses or larger structures by placing them side by side and making them similar in form78
8667879704parodya work that ridicules the style of another work by imitating and exaggerating its elements79

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