4758699163 | Aristotelian or Rhetorical Triangle | A diagram that illustrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text. | 0 | |
4758699164 | Audience | The listener, viewer, or reader of a text. Multiple | 1 | |
4758699165 | Concession | Acknowledgement that opposing argument may be true or reasonable. | 2 | |
4758699166 | Connotation | Meanings readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. Positive or negative usually, greatly affect authors tone | 3 | |
4758699167 | Context | Circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, events surrounding a text | 4 | |
4758699168 | Counterargument | Opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward. Address through concession and refutation | 5 | |
4758699169 | Ethos | Greek for "character". Credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic. Who you are and what you say. | 6 | |
4758699170 | Logos | "Embodied thought". Offering clear, rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert testimony to back them up. | 7 | |
4758699171 | Occasion | The time and place s speech is given or a piece is written | 8 | |
4758699172 | Pathos | "Suffering" or "experience". Appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audience. Play on audience's values, desires, hopes, prejudice, fears | 9 | |
4758699173 | Persona | Greek for "mask". Face or character that a speaker shows his or her audience. | 10 | |
4758699174 | Polemic | Greek for "hostile". Aggressive argument that tried to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others. Generally do not concede that opposing opinions have any merit. | 11 | |
4758699175 | Propaganda | Spread of ideas and information to further a cause. Negatively, use of rumors, lies, disinformation, and scare tactics in order to damage or promote a cause. | 12 | |
4758699176 | Purpose | The goal the speaker wants to achieve. | 13 | |
4758699177 | Refutation | Denial of validity of an opposing argument. In order to sound reasonable, refutations often follow a concession that acknowledges that an opposing argument may be reasonable or true. | 14 | |
4758699178 | Rhetoric | "the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion." In other words, art of finding ways to persuade an audience. | 15 | |
4758699179 | Rhetorical appeals | Rhetorical techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or compelling. | 16 | |
4758699180 | SOAPS | Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Speaker. | 17 | |
4758699181 | Speaker | Person or group who creates a text. Might be politician, commentator artist, or even a company. | 18 | |
4758699182 | Subject | The topic/ what it is about. | 19 | |
4758699183 | Text | Any cultural product that can be "read"- meaning not just consumed and comprehended, but investigated. This includes fiction, nonfiction, poetry, political cartoons, fine art. | 20 | |
4758699184 | Alliteration | Repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence. | 21 | |
4758699185 | Allusion | Brief reference to a person, place, event, or place or to a work of art. | 22 | |
4758699186 | Anaphora | Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines. | 23 | |
4758699187 | Antimetabole | Repetition of words in reverse order. | 24 | |
4758699188 | Antithesis | Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction. | 25 | |
4758699189 | Archaic diction | Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words. | 26 | |
4758699190 | Asyndeton | Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. | 27 | |
4758699191 | Cumulative sentence | Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds up and adds on. | 28 | |
4758699192 | Hortative sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. | 29 | |
4758699193 | Imperative sentence | Sentence used to command or enjoin. | 30 | |
4758699194 | Inversion | Inverted order of words in a sentence. | 31 | |
4758699195 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences. | 32 | |
4758699196 | Metaphor | Figure of speech that compares two things without using "like" or "as" . | 33 | |
4758699197 | Oxymoron | Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another. | 34 | |
4758699198 | Parallelism | Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. | 35 | |
4758699199 | Periodic sentence | Sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end. | 36 | |
4758699200 | Personification | Attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea. | 37 | |
4758699201 | Rhetorical sentence | Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer. | 38 | |
4758699202 | Synecdoche | Figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole. | 39 | |
4758699203 | Zeugma | Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings. | 40 |
AP Language Arts Flashcards
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