Terms : Hide Images
| 7987097273 | ad hominem | refers to diversionary tactic of switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker | 0 | |
| 7987149541 | ad populum (bandwagon appeal) | this fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody is doing it so it must be the right thing to do" | 1 | |
| 7987175070 | appeal to false authority | occurs when someone who has no experience to speak on an issue is cited as an authority | 2 | |
| 7987186014 | argument | a process of reasoned inquiry; a persuasive discourse resulting in a coherent and considered movement from a claim to a conclusion | 3 | |
| 7987201608 | backing | in the toulmin model backing consists of further assurances or data without the assumption lacks authority | 4 | |
| 7987237646 | begging the question | a fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt | 5 | |
| 7987250311 | circular reasoning | a fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence | 6 | |
| 7987259184 | claim | also called an assertion or a proposition a claim states the arguments main idea or position | 7 | |
| 7987272775 | claim of fact | a claim of fact asserts that something is true or not true | 8 | |
| 7987279271 | claim of policy | a claim of policy proposes a change | 9 | |
| 7987289880 | claim of value | a claim of value argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. | 10 | |
| 7987307518 | classical oration | 5 part argument structure used by classical rhetoricians | 11 | |
| 7987331280 | introduction | introduces the reader to the subject under discussion | 12 | |
| 7987335935 | narration | provides factual info and background material on the subject at hand or establishes why the subject is a problem that needs addressing | 13 | |
| 7987360442 | confirmation | usually the major part of the text the confirmation includes the proof needed to make the writers case | 14 | |
| 7987371632 | refutation | addresses the counter argument. it is a bridge between the writers proof and and conclusion | 15 | |
| 7987384548 | conclusion | brings the essay to a satisfying close | 16 | |
| 7987389285 | closed thesis | statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make | 17 | |
| 7987418572 | deduction | a logical process whereby one reaches a conclusion by starting with general principle or universal truth and applying it to a specific case | 18 | |
| 7987456804 | either or (false dilemma) | a fallacy in which the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices | 19 | |
| 7987465117 | faulty analogy | a fallacy that occurs when an analogy compares two things that are not comparable | 20 | |
| 7987475469 | fist hand evidence | evidence based on something the writer knows whether its from personal experience, observations, or general knowledge of events | 21 | |
| 7987490271 | hasty generalization | a fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence | 22 | |
| 7987500553 | induction | a logical process where by the writer reasons from particulars to universals, using specific casein order to draw a conclusion which is also called generalization | 23 | |
| 7987520518 | logical fallacy | potential vulnerabilities or weaknesses in an argument. they often arise from a failure to make a logical connection between the claim and and the evidence used to support it | 24 | |
| 7987552675 | open thesis | an open thesis is one that dies not list all the points the writer intends to cover in the essay | 25 | |
| 7987562546 | post hoc ergo propter hoc | means that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier | 26 | |
| 7987573174 | qualifier | likes to temper the claim making it less absolute. Example words usually, probably, maybe, in most cases and most likely | 27 | |
| 7987595454 | quantitive evidence | includes things that can be measured, cited, counted, or otherwise represented in numbers. For instance- statistics, surveys, polls, census info | 28 | |
| 7987720771 | rebuttal | gives voice to possible objections | 29 | |
| 7987738387 | reservation | explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier | 30 | |
| 7987762048 | rogerian arguments | based on the assumption that having a full understanding of an opposing position is essential to responding to it persuasively and refuting it in a way that is accommodating rather then alienating | 31 | |
| 7987784117 | second hand evidence | evidence that is accesed through research, reading, and investigation. includes factual and historical info, expert opinion and quantitive data | 32 |
