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AP Language Summer Reading Flashcards

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14665250938argumentA statement put forth and supported by evidence0
14665250939defendto uphold or maintain one's point or claim with supporting evidence1
14665250940challengean objection or query as to the truth of something, often with an implicit demand for proof.2
14665250941qualifyreach a necessary standard; limit the meaning of something stated3
14665250942discoursewritten or spoken communication or debate4
14665250943Rhetoricthe art of using language effectively and persuasively5
14665250944rhetorical devicesliterary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression6
14665250945rhetorical modesexposition, description, narration, argumentation7
14665250946SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.8
14665250947Stylethe choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work9
14665250948Antithesisthe direct opposite, a sharp contrast10
14665250949Colloquialisminformal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing11
14665250950JuxtapositionPlacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts12
14665250951Ethoscredibility/trust13
14665250952Pathosemotional appeal14
14665250953LogosAppeal to logic15
14665250954Connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.16
14665250955Denotationthe literal meaning of a word17
14665250956Dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.18
14665250957Ellipsisthree periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation19
14665250958Equivocationintentionally vague or ambiguous20
14665250959EuphemismAn indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant21
14665250960Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.22
14665250961malapropisma word humorously misused23
14665250962MoodFeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader24
14665250963non sequiturA statement that does not follow logically from evidence25
14665250964pedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.26
14665250965platitudestale; overused expression27
14665250966Sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt28
14665250967Syntaxthe rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language29
14665250968ToneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character30
14665250969transitiona word or phrase that links different ideas31
14665250970Understatementthe opposite of exaggeration. It is a technique for developing irony and/or humor where one writes or says less than intended.32
14665250971voiceThe real or assumed personality used by a writer or speaker.33
14665250972Polysyndetonthe use, for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural34
14665250973Asyndetonomission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words35
14665250974Chiasmusa rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form36
14665250975Anaphorarepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines37
14665250976Archetypea very typical example of a certain person or thing38
14665250977Antimetabolerepetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order39
14665250978Allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.40
14665250979Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.41
14665250980AllusionA reference to another work of literature, person, or event42
14665250981AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way43
14665250982anecdotea short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person44
14665250983Ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.45
14665250984MetaphorA comparison without using like or as46
14665250985OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.47
14665250986ParadoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.48
14665250987ParallelismPhrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other49
14665250988ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.50
14665250989Puna joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.51
14665250990Satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.52
14665250991SimileA comparison using "like" or "as"53

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