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AP Language Summer Terms Flashcards

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14576938181abstractexisting in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.0
14576938834active voiceExpresses an action done by its subject.1
14576939496passive voiceThe subject of the sentence receives the action.2
14576940852ad hominemIn an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."3
14576940853AllegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions4
14576941379AlliterationRepetition of initial consonant sounds5
14576942117alludeto refer to casually or indirectly6
14576943131AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.7
14576943863AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way8
14576944620Anaphorarepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines9
14576944621anecdoteA brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event.10
14576946461antecedentthe word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers11
14576947084Antithesisthe direct opposite, a sharp contrast12
14576947941AphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.13
14576948590assertiona confident and forceful statement of fact or belief14
14576948591Biasprejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.15
14576949002clichea phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.16
14576949514common groundShared beliefs, values, or positions.17
14576950315concessionA reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.18
14576950316concreteexisting in a material or physical form; real or solid; not abstract.19
14576951650Connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.20
14576952301contextualizeplace in context, such as by giving the background or circumstances21
14576953612dangling participlea participle intended to modify a noun that is not actually present in the text.22
14576955441decorumproper behavior, good taste; orderliness23
14576958590Deductivereasoning from general to specific24
14576960173denotationthe literal meaning of a word25
14576960731dichotomyTwo opposite parts of one whole26
14576961238digressiona temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing27
14576962451discreditto refuse to believe; to reject as untrue28
14576962452distinctiona difference or contrast between similar things or people29
14576962939Ellipsisin a sentence, the omission of a word or words replaced by three periods30
14576963340Enumerationa list of words, phrases or clauses, sometimes numbered or bulleted31
14576964806Euphamisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.32
14576973303examineConsider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.33
14576974150exemplifyTo illustrate by being an example of34
14576975274fallacya mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument35
14576975952functionthe special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part36
14576977045generalizegeneral rather than specific; to form a general conclusion37
14576977872homilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.38
14576978353Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.39
14576980025Imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.40
14576980494imperativeextremely necessary; vitally important41
14576981844imply/inferImply - to indirectly suggest Infer - to draw a conclusion42
14576982731Inductivea form of logical argumentation that requires the use of examples43
14576992420InterrogativeA sentence that asks a question44
14576993216IronyA contrast between expectation and reality45
14576993217Jargonnonsensical talk; specialized language46
14576993688justifyshow or prove to be right or reasonable47
14576994536Juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.48
14576995009Linguistucrelating to language or linguistics49
14576996651loaded dictionWords and/or phrases intended to inspire emotion in the audience50
14576997336MetaphorA comparison without using like or as51
14576998520Metonymythe substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant52
14577000325OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.53
14577002902OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.54
14577002903ParadoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.55
14577003545ParallelismPhrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other56
14577004158ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.57
14577004940point of viewthe perspective from which a story is told58
14577006260pragmaticpractical, as opposed to idealistic59
14577021558Proofsused with a statement and supported by a reason60
14577022573Prosewritten or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.61
14577023547qualifyreach a necessary standard; limit the meaning of something stated62
14577024928rationalizejustify; give reason for63
14577024929refuteto prove incorrect64
14577025719RepetitionRepeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis65
14577026774rhetorical modesThis flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.66
14577027183SatireA literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.67
14577027184SyllogismA form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.68
14577051410SymbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.69
14577052081Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa70
14577052633SyntaxThe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.71
14577054149ThemeCentral idea of a work of literature72
14577054787Theorema statement that has been proven73
14577054788ToneA writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.74
14577055995underscoreto emphasize75
14577056635Understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.76
14577057783Heresayinformation heard by one person about another. Heresay is generally inadmissible as evidence in court because it's not based on personal knowledge.77
14577058663EthosEthical appeal78
14577059741Pathosemotional appeal79
14577060253LogosAppeal to logic80
14577060254clauseA grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.81
14577060722phraseA group of words with a meaning; an expression82
14577062258colona statement of proportion between two numbers, or to separate hours from minutes (and minutes from seconds) in a numerical statement of time.83
14577063912semi-colona punctuation mark (;) which connects two independent parts of a sentence.84
14577065371hypenA punctuation mark that is used to connect words or parts of words.85

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