4352800307 | Ad hominem | 1. Appealing to prejudice and emotion rather than to reason. 2. Attacking the character, motives, etc. of an opponent rather than debating the issue on logical grounds. | 0 | |
4352800308 | Allegory | 1. A story in which people, things, and happenings have a hidden or symbolic meaning | 1 | |
4352800309 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells") | 2 | |
4352801582 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work or art. | 3 | |
4352801583 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. | 4 | |
4352801584 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. | 5 | |
4352803036 | Antecedent | the word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun. | 6 | |
4352803037 | Antithesis | An opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in balanced phrases or clauses. "Whereas he was boisterous, I was reserved." | 7 | |
4352803038 | Aphorism | a terse statement of known authorship, which expresses a general truth or moral principle (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) | 8 | |
4352803039 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | 9 | |
4352803046 | Apotheosis | When a character or a thing is elevated to such a high status that it appears godlike. | 10 | |
4352804338 | Appositive | Phrase that follows a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity. Appositives are usually set off by commas. | 11 | |
4352804339 | Assonance | A type of internal rhyming in which vowel sounds are repeated. | 12 | |
4352804340 | Asyndeton | When the conjunctions (such as and or but) that would normally connect a string of words, phrases, or clauses are omitted from a sentence. | 13 | |
4352805756 | Atmosphere | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. | 14 | |
4352805757 | Attitude | The feeling of a particular speaker or a piece of writing toward a subject, person, or idea. | 15 | |
4352805758 | Bathos | False or forced emotion that is often humorous. Opposite of Pathos | 16 | |
4352805759 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains a subject and a verb. | 17 | |
4352806884 | Connotation | The non-literal, associative meaning of a word | 18 | |
4352806885 | Contrast | Writers often use contracts, or oppositions, to elaborate ideas. | 19 | |
4352806886 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color. | 20 | |
4352808343 | Diction | Writer's word choice | 21 | |
4352808344 | Didactic | Words that have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. | 22 | |
4352809782 | Elegiac | A work (of music, literature, dance, or art) that expresses sorrow. It mourns the loss of something, such as the death of a loved one. | 23 | |
4352809783 | Ethos | Characteristic spirit, person, or ideal that informs a work. | 24 | |
4352809784 | Euphemism | a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts. \ | 25 | |
4352809785 | Extended Metaphor | A comparison developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work | 26 | |
4352811818 | Exposition | Refers to beginning of writing or speech that is organized to explain. | 27 | |
4352811819 | Fiction | Works that have been imagined or create | 28 | |
4421057488 | Figurative Language | 29 | ||
4352813267 | Figure of Speech | A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include, for example, apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement. | 30 | |
4352813268 | Foreshadowing | A purposeful hint placed in a work of literature to suggest what may occur later in the narrative. For instance, a seemingly unrelated scene in a mystery story that focuses on a special interest of the detective may actually foreshadow the detective's use of that expertise in solving the mystery. | 31 | |
4352813269 | Genre | : The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. | 32 | |
4352814755 | Grammar | A set of rules that specify how a given language is used effectively | 33 | |
4352814756 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement | 34 | |
4352814757 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 35 | |
4352814758 | Irony/Ironic | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what actually is true. | 36 | |
4352816727 | Juxtaposition | When two contrasting things—ideas, words, or sentence elements—are placed next to each other for comparison, | 37 | |
4352816728 | Logos | Refers to the use of reason as a controlling principle in an argument. | 38 | |
4352816729 | Metaphor | a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity | 39 | |
4352816730 | Metonymy | the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. A news release that claims "the White House declared" rather than "the President declared" | 40 | |
4352816731 | Mood | Speaker's Attitude | 41 | |
4352818175 | Onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. | 42 | |
4352818176 | Overview | a brief summary of a whole work | 43 | |
4352818982 | Oxymoron | a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest paradox | 44 | |
4352818983 | Pacing | A speed of a story's action, dialogue, or narration | 45 | |
4352818984 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 46 | |
4352818985 | Parallelism | It refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. | 47 | |
4352820239 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 48 | |
4352820240 | Pathos | a sympathetic feeling of pity or compassion evoked by an artistic work. | 49 | |
4352820241 | Person | A grammatical tern that describes the relationship of a writer or speaker to an audience by examining the pronouns that are used. | 50 | |
4352820242 | Persona | Character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text | 51 | |
4352820243 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. | 52 | |
4352820256 | Point of View | the perspective from which a story is told | 53 | |
4352821932 | Pun | A play on words | 54 | |
4352821933 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern | 55 | |
4352821934 | Rhetoric | this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively. | 56 | |
4352823374 | Rhetorical/Stylistic Devices | specific language tools that an author uses to carry out a rhetorical strategy, and thus achieve a purpose for writing. | 57 | |
4352823375 | Rhetoric Modes | this flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing. | 58 | |
4352824858 | Rhetorical Question | A question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply | 59 | |
4352824859 | Rhetorical Strategy | the way an author organizes words, sentences, and overall argument in order to achieve a discussion of how this term fits into a broader picture of rhetoric | 60 | |
4352824860 | Satire | : A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions and conventions, for reform or ridicule. | 61 | |
4352826522 | Selection of Detail | The specific words, incidents, images, or events the author uses to create a scene or narrative are referred to as the selection of detail. | 62 | |
4352826523 | Simile | an explicit comparison, normally using like, as, or if. | 63 | |
4352826524 | Speaker | the narrator of the story, poem, or drama | 64 | |
4352827934 | Style | An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices | 65 | |
4352827935 | Strategy | the way an author organizes words, sentences, and overall argument in order to achieve a particular purpose. | 66 | |
4352827936 | Syllogism | a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises-the first one called "major" and the second "minor"- that inevitable lead to a sound conclusion. | 67 | |
4352828834 | Symbol/Symbolism | anything that represents or stands for something else | 68 | |
4352830280 | Synonym | A word that has the same, or nearly the same meaning as another word | 69 | |
4352830281 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences | 70 | |
4352830282 | Tension | a work of literature, is a feeling of excitement and expectation the reader or the audience feels because of conflict, mood, or atmosphere. | 71 | |
4352830283 | Texture | Describes the way the elements of a work of prose or poetry are joined together. It suggests an association with the style of the author | 72 | |
4352830284 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life | 73 | |
4352831526 | Thesis | a proposition maintained or defended in argument | 74 | |
4352831527 | Tone | The author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both | 75 | |
4352831528 | Understatement | The ironic minimalizing of fact; | 76 | |
4352831529 | Voie | How the speaker of literary work presents him or herself to the reader determines that speaker's unique voice. | 77 | |
4352831723 | Zeugma | a particular breech of sense in a sentence. It occurs when a word is used with two adjacent words in the same construction, but only makes literal sense with one of them. | 78 |
AP Language Terms Flashcards
Primary tabs
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!