9791508736 | Fallacy | an attractive but unreliable piece of reasoning or faulty logic | 0 | |
9791508737 | Ad hominem | argument fallacy that personally attacks your opponents instead of their arguments | 1 | |
9791508738 | Appeal to authority | argument fallacy claiming that something must be true because it is believed by someone who is said to be an "authority" on the subject | 2 | |
9791508739 | Appeal to the bandwagon | argument fallacy based on the assumption that the opinion of the majority is always valid: everyone believes it, so you should too | 3 | |
9791508740 | Appeal to emotion | argument fallacy that attempts to replace a logical argument with an appeal to the audience's emotions | 4 | |
9791508741 | Bad analogy | argument fallacy claiming that two situations are highly similar, when they are not | 5 | |
9791508742 | Cliche thinking | argument fallacy in which a well-known saying is used as evidence as if it is proven or has no exceptions | 6 | |
9791508743 | False cause | argument fallacy assuming that because two things happened, the first one caused the second one; asserts "correlation implies causation" | 7 | |
9791508744 | Hasty generalization | argument fallacy making a generalization based on too little or unrepresentative data | 8 | |
9791508745 | Non sequitur | argument fallacy in which the conclusion does not logically follow its premises; an invalid argument | 9 | |
9791508746 | Slippery slope | argument fallacy assuming that once started, a situation will continue to its most extreme possible outcome | 10 | |
9791508747 | Irony | rhetorical device in which what appears on the surface to be the case differs radically from what is actually the case | 11 | |
9791508748 | Verbal irony | irony in which a person says or writes one thing and means another | 12 | |
9791508749 | Dramatic irony | irony in which the audience of a drama, play, movie, etc. knows something the character does not and would be surprised to find out | 13 | |
9791508750 | Situational irony | irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected | 14 | |
9791508751 | Rhetorical Appeals | means of persuasion to convince an audience that one's ideas are valid, or more valid than someone else's ideas | 15 | |
9791508752 | Ethos | the ethical appeal; to convince an audience of the author's credibility or character | 16 | |
9791508753 | Pathos | the emotional appeal; to convince using an appeal to the reader's emotions | 17 | |
9791508754 | Logos | the logical appeal; to convince using reasoning, with true premises and valid arguments | 18 | |
9791508755 | Understatement | when something is presented as less significant than it is, often ironically or humorously | 19 | |
9791508756 | Litotes | ironic understatement in which something is said by saying what it is not (ex: "The song wasn't terrible." - meaning the song was good or okay) | 20 | |
9791508757 | Sarcasm | a bitter or mocking comment that is worded ironically or satirically | 21 |
AP Language Unit 4 Flashcards
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