7595556737 | Ad Hominem Argument | Latin for "to or against the person," this fallacy involves switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker | ![]() | 0 |
7595556738 | Ad Populum (bandwagon appeal) | This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." | ![]() | 1 |
7595556739 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning | ![]() | 2 |
7595556740 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something that is commonly known. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, or mythical. | ![]() | 3 |
7595556744 | Antithesis | A figure of speech that involves an opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction. | ![]() | 4 |
7595556745 | Appeal to False Authority | This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise on a subject is cited as an authority. | ![]() | 5 |
7595556749 | Attitude | A writer's position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing. | ![]() | 6 |
7595556751 | Concession | An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. | ![]() | 7 |
7595556753 | Context | The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text. | ![]() | 8 |
7595556754 | Counterargument | An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward | ![]() | 9 |
7595556758 | Claim | Also called an assertion or a proposition, a claim states the argument's main idea or position. A claim differs from a topic or subject in that a claim has to be arguable. | ![]() | 10 |
7595556759 | Claim of Fact | A claim of fact asserts that something is true or not true. Ex. Test scores accurately measure a student's success! | ![]() | 11 |
7595556760 | Claim of Value | A claim of value argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. Ex. Video games are corrupting today's youth. | ![]() | 12 |
7595556761 | Claim of Policy | A claim of policy proposes a change. Ex. Legalize marijuana! | ![]() | 13 |
7595556762 | Closed Thesis | A thesis that is a statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews major points the writer intends to make. | ![]() | 14 |
7595556765 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word. | ![]() | 15 |
7595556766 | Diction | related to style, refers to the writer's word choices. Examples include, formal or informal, ornate or plain. | ![]() | 16 |
7595556768 | Ethos | A speaker's expertise, knowledge, experience, sincerity, and common purpose with the audience are examples of how a speaker demonstrates they are credible and trustworthy. | ![]() | 17 |
7595556770 | Extended Metaphor | a metaphor developed at great length | ![]() | 18 |
7595556773 | Imagery | the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions | ![]() | 19 |
7595556774 | Infer | to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. Inferences are not directly stated. | ![]() | 20 |
7595556776 | Juxtaposition | placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas closely together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. | ![]() | 21 |
7595556777 | Logical Fallacy | A mistake in verbal reasoning. The reasoning must be potentially deceptive. | ![]() | 22 |
7595556779 | Mode of discourse: exposition | writing that intends to inform and demonstrate a point | 23 | |
7595556780 | Mode of discourse: narration | writing that tells a story or relates a series of events | 24 | |
7595556781 | Mode of discourse: description | writing that creates sensory images, often evoking a mood or atmosphere | 25 | |
7595556782 | Mode of discourse: argumentation | writing that takes a stand on an issue and supports it with evidence and logical reasoning | 26 | |
7595556784 | Parallelism/parallel construction/parallel structure | The grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity | ![]() | 27 |
7595556786 | Pathos | a speaker's intent to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience | ![]() | 28 |
7595556792 | Rhetoric | Greek for "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively | ![]() | 29 |
7595556793 | Logos | Employs logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with well-thought-out and appropriate examples and details | ![]() | 30 |
7595556794 | Rhetorical appeals | The persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to a given work. | ![]() | 31 |
7595556795 | Oxymoron | a paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words | ![]() | 32 |
7595556796 | Persona | The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience | ![]() | 33 |
7595556797 | Polemic | An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others. | ![]() | 34 |
7595556799 | Propaganda | The spread of ideas and information to further a cause | ![]() | 35 |
7595556800 | Qualifier | Words used to temper a claim, making it less absolute Ex. usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, most likely | ![]() | 36 |
7595556802 | Second-hand evidence | evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation | ![]() | 37 |
7595556807 | Rhetorical Question | a question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply | ![]() | 38 |
7595556808 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies, or societal institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule | ![]() | 39 |
7595556810 | Style | An evaluation of a sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. | ![]() | 40 |
7595556811 | Syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents to premises--the first one called major and the second minor--that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. | ![]() | 41 |
7595556812 | Symbol | An object, action, character, scene, or idea that represents something more abstract. | ![]() | 42 |
7595556813 | Syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences | ![]() | 43 |
7595556815 | Thesis | A statement that is the sentence or group of sentences that directly express the author's opinion, purpose, meaning or proposition. | ![]() | 44 |
7595556816 | Tone | tone describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both. | ![]() | 45 |
7595556817 | Mood | The dominant impression or emotional atmosphere evoked by a text. Ex. Mood is how "you" feel after reading a text. | ![]() | 46 |
7595556819 | Rhetorical Strategies | A global term that refers to all the strategies an author can use. Ex. structure, purpose, style | ![]() | 47 |
7595556820 | Begging the question | A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt. | ![]() | 48 |
7595556821 | Either/Or (false dilemma) | In this fallacy, the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices. | ![]() | 49 |
7595556822 | First-hand evidence | Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience or observations. | 50 | |
7595556823 | Hasty generalization | A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate information. | ![]() | 51 |
7595556824 | Hortative Sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. | ![]() | 52 |
7595556825 | Occasion | the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written | ![]() | 53 |
7595556826 | Open thesis | A thesis that does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay. | ![]() | 54 |
AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards
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