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AP Literature Summer Vocabulary Flashcards

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2864517381dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing0
2864527703denotationthe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests1
2864530623connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning2
2864533092formal dictiona type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people3
2864540445colloquial dictioncharacteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal4
2864543737abstract dictionLanguage that describes qualities that cannot be perceived with the five senses5
2864549555concrete dictionrefers to words that stimulate some kind of sensory response in the reader: as we read the words, we can imaginatively use our senses to experience what the words represent6
2864554168figure of speecha word or phrase used in a nonliteral sense to add rhetorical force to a spoken or written passage7
2864555851similea figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid8
2864557717metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable9
2864563064personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form10
2864565541analogya comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification11
2864570860extended metaphoris when an author exploits a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked vehicles, tenors, and grounds throughout a poem or story12
2864572991hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally13
2864574456understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is14
2864576482paradoxa statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory15
2864579250ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect16
2864587520verbal ironyin which a person says or writes one thing and means another, or uses words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of the literal meaning17
2864588384imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work18
2864589680syntaxthe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language19
2864591613simple sentencesa sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate20
2864593833cumulative sentencea type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases21
2864599226periodic sentencesdescribed as one that is not complete grammatically or semantically before the final clause or phrase22
2864601529tonethe general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc23
2864608774free versepoetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter24
2864612657rhymecorrespondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry25
2864614380end rhymewhen a poem has lines ending with words that sound the same26
2864618681internal rhymea rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or in the middle of the next27
2864620646eye rhymea similarity between words in spelling but not in pronunciation28
2864623033near rhymerhyming in which the words sound the same but do not rhyme perfectly29
2864625084quatraina stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes30
2864627702coupletsusually comprise two lines that rhyme and have the same metre31
2864631366rhythma strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound32
2864636585blank verseverse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter33
2864640850Italian sonnetThe original Italian sonnet form divides the poem's 14 lines into two parts, the first part being an octet and the second being a sestet34
2864644582Petrarchan sonnetconsisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba and of a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes, as cdecde or cdcdcd35
2864651747Shakespearean sonnetIn Shakespeare's sonnets, the rhyme pattern is abab cdcd efef gg, with the final couplet used to summarize the previous 12 lines or present a surprise ending. The rhythmic pattern of the sonnets is the iambic pentameter36
2864654865elegya poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead37
2864656743lyricexpressing the writer's emotions, usually briefly and in stanzas or recognized forms38
2864659235odea lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter39
2864667185villanellea nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain40
2864668440enjambmentthe continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza41
2864674480alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words42
2864679219assonancein poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible43
2864681406onomatopoeiathe formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named44
2864683384archaicno longer in everyday use but sometimes used to impart an old-fashioned flavor45
2864687645oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction46
2864692643parallel structureis the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence47
2864695758conflicta serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one48
2864698364expositiona comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory49
2864700300rising actiona related series of incidents in a literary plot that build toward the point of greatest interest50
2864702496climaxthe most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex51
2864704332falling actionthe parts of a story after the climax and before the very end52
2864709424denouementthe final part of a play, movie, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved53
2864712441in medias resinto the middle of a narrative; without preamble54
2864714671flashbacka scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story55
2864717260foreshadowingbe a warning or indication of (a future event)56
2864719233bildungsromana novel dealing with one person's formative years or spiritual education57
2864721603epiphanya sudden and striking realization58
2864724560round characterare complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader59
2864727043flat characterwo-dimensional in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work60
2864728575stock charactersictional character based on a common literary or social stereotype61
2864734551direct characterizationoccurs when the author specifically reveals traits about the character in a direct, straightforward manner62
2864738365indirect characterizationthe process by which the personality of a fictitious character is revealed through the character's speech, actions, appearance63
2864741266point of viewthe narrator's position in relation to the story being told64
2864743824unreliable narratorwhether in literature, film, or theatre, whose credibility has been seriously compromised65
2864746531stream of consciousnessa narrative mode, or device, that seeks "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Another term for it is 'interior monologue'66
2864756543dialogueThe lines spoken by a character or characters in a play, essay, story, or novel, especially a conversation between two characters, or a literary work that takes the form of such a discussion67
2864759037soliloquyan act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play68
2864762696monologuea long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program69
2864764531dramatic ironyirony that is inherent in speeches or a situation of a drama and is understood by the audience but not grasped by the characters in the play70
2864767808allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference71
2864770448juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect72
2864772779antithesisa person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else73

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