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Ap psych language Flashcards

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75270262494-10 months stageBabbling stage0
7527026250Babbling stageIndiscernible1
7542102534Age one stageOne word2
7542102535Age twoTwo word stage3
7542102536telegraphic speechNouns and verbs ; capacity to master language difficult after age 74
7542102537Broca's areacontrols language expression & directs muscle noventa involved in speech5
7542102538Wernicke's areaA brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in left temporal lobe6
7542102539Language has blended with culture* more western English words for self-focused emotion *most Japanese words for interpersonal emotion7
7542102540Canadian- Chinese studyIdentify with western ideals when questions are asked in English and with eastern values when asked in chinese8
7542102541MotivationA result of nature(physiology) and nurture(culture and society) // a need of desire that energizes and directs behavior9
7542102542InstinctsA complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species (salmon swimming upstream)10
7542102543IncentivesPositive or negative stimuli that motivate behavior (smelling pizza makes you hungry11
7542102544NeedsFundamental, biological and psychological needs // food, security, procreation, social acceptance and companionship12
7542102545DrivesThe physiological and psychological arousal that compels us to satisfy our needs // hunger, thirst , sleep13
7542102546HomeostasisThe maintenance of stable internal conditions14
7542394714Drive Reduction TheoryA physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy a need15
7542394715Arousal TheoryEach person has an arousal level that is unique to them16
7542394716General adaptation theoryBody's response to stress17
7542394717alarm reaction stageCortisol and adrenaline increase18
7542394718resistance stageBody's autonomic nervous system resists impact of stressful stimulus (blood and sugar still up but hormones back to homeostasis19
7542394719Exhausted stageWhen the body fails to cope with the distressing stimulus20
7542394720EatingAppetite stimulating parts of hypothalamus21
7542394721Buffet Effectwe eat more if more options are available22
7542394722set pointBody's lean mass23
7542394723sexual response cycleexcitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution24
7542394724StressPerceiving and responding to certain events, called stressors that we perceive as threatening or challenging25
7542394725Stressorsevents that cause a stress reaction26
7542394726Stress impact on menAggression & social withdrawal27
7542394727Stress impact on womenTend and befriend28
7542394728General Adaptation SyndromeProlonged period of stress and engagement to face threat leads to exhaustion29
7542394729Physical effects of stressHypertension, heart disease risk& headaches30
7542394730Physiological impact of stressDepressed immune system, delayed repair/ recovery31
7542394731Psychoneuroimmunologyhow stress/ emotions affect brain, brain dictates hormones, hormones affect immune system32
7542394732B cellsRelease antibodies to fight & label bacterial infections33
7542394733T cellsAttack cancer cells, viruses and foreign substances ( and recycle cells)34
7542394734macrophageIdentifies, pursues, and ingests harmful invaders and worn-out cells35
7542394735NK cellsPursue diseased cells36
7542394736EmotionPhysiological arousal, expressive behaviors & conscious experience37
7542394737James Lange theoryOur experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion arousing stimuli /// trembling then afraid ::: physiological changes come before emotion38
7542394738Cannon Bard theoryArousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses // heart pounding and fear occur simultaneously39
7542394739Two- Factor TheoryTo experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal Need to know context and identity EX Is my heart racing due to fear or love ?40
7542394740Muscle feedback effectTendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, happiness. (Emotions can exist without conscious realization)41
7542394741William JamesEmotion awareness of physiological responses to emotion- arousing stimuli (james Lange theory developer)42
7542394742Alfred KinseyResearch on sexual behavior43
7542394743Abraham MaslowHierarchy of needs theorizer44
7542394744Stanley SchachterTwo factor theory developer (consciously aware of emotion)45
7542394745self actualizationAchieving one's full potential including creative activities46
7542394746esteem needsPrestige and feeling of accomplishment47
7542394747belongingness and love needsIntimate relationships, friends48
7542394748safety needsSecurity, safety49
7542394749physiological needsfood, water, warmth, rest50
7552081368GestationConception to birth51
7552398372TeratogensAgents such as chemicals and virtudes that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm52
7552398373fetal alcohol syndromePhysical and cognitive abnormalities - epigenetic effect53
7552081369ConceptionFemale ovary releases mature egg54
7552398374MaturationBiological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior55
7552398375Universal motor developmentRoll over before sitting Crawl before walking Bowel and bladder control56
7552398376stranger anxietyBegins around 8 months (schemas- representation for familiar faces57
7552398377Attachment bondWhen scared, about to separate, or reunited ; age 1; physical contact is key58
7552398378critical periodoptimal period in early life when exposure to certain stimulus leads to normal development Ex after hatching, seeing mother duck and following her around59
7554229701Herman EbbinghausForgetting curve60
7554229702Wolfgang KohlerInsight research ; chimps given far food and use sticks to get it61
7554229703Elizabeth Loftusmisinformation effect and eyewitness account research62
7554229704Nom ChomskyUniversal grammar ; nouns verbs and adjectives; we are born w predisposition to learn grammar rules63

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