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AP Psych Unit 5 Flashcards

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11510081004Substance Use Disordercontinued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk0
11510081005Psychoactive Druga chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods1
11510081006Tolerancethe diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effects2
11510081007Addictioncompulsive craving of drugs or certain behavior despite known adverse consequences3
11510081008Withdrawalthe discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior4
11510081009Depressantsdrugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions5
11510081010Alcohol Use Disorderalcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use6
11510081011Barbituratesdrug that depresses central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment7
11510081012Opiatesopium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety8
11510081013Stimulantsdrugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy, and methamphetamine) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions9
11510081014Amphetaminesdrugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes10
11510081015Nicotinea stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco11
11510081016Cocainea powerful and addictive stimulant, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and euphoria12
11510081017Methamphetaminea powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels13
11510081018Ecstasy (MDMA)a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen -produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition14
11510081019Hallucinogenspsychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input15
11510081020LSDa powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid16
11510081021Near-Death Experiencean altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations17
11510081022THCthe major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations18
11510081023Insomniarecurring problems in falling or staying asleep19
11510081024Narcolepsya sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks20
11510081025Sleep Apneaa sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings21
11510081026Night Terrorsa sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered22
11510081027Dreama sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind23
11510081028Manifest Contentaccording to Freud, the story line of a dream24
11510081029Latent Contentaccording to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream25
11510081030REM Reboundthe tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)26
11510081031Circadian Rhythmthe biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle27
11510081032REM SleepRapid Eye Movement Sleep; a reoccurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur -also known as Paradoxical Sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active28
11510081033Alpha Wavesthe relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state29
11510081034Sleepperiodic, natural loss of consciousness- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation30
11510081035Hallucinationsfalse sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus31
11510081036Delta Wavesthe large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep32
11510081037NREM SleepNon-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep33
11510081038Sleep Spindlesbursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity34
11510081039Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm -in response to light, this causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness35
11510081040ConsciousnessOur awareness of ourselves and our environment36
11510081041States of ConsciousnessSleeping, walking, and various altered states37
11510081042HypnosisA social interaction in which one person (the subject) responds to another person's (the hypnotist's) suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur38
11510081043Hypnotherapiststry to help people harness their own healing powers39
11510081044Posthypnotic Suggestionsa suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized -used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors40
11510081045Stroop EffectExplains the decreased speed of naming the color of ink used to print words when the color of ink and the word itself are of different colors.41
11510081046Dissociationa split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others42

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