Terms : Hide Images
| 6216410273 | Neuron | Nerve cell | 0 | |
| 6216410274 | Dendrite | Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information. | 1 | |
| 6216410275 | Axon | A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body. | 2 | |
| 6216410276 | Synaptic vesicles | Tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals that contain chemicals called neurotransmitters. | 3 | |
| 6216410277 | Neurotransmitter | Chemical messenger specialized for communication from neuron to neuron | 4 | |
| 6216410278 | Synapse | Space between two connecting neurons through which messages are transmitted chemically | 5 | |
| 6216410279 | Synaptic cleft | A gap into which neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal | 6 | |
| 6216410281 | Threshold | Potential necessary to trigger an action potential. | 7 | |
| 6216410282 | Action potential | A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. | 8 | |
| 6216410283 | Refractory period | Neural Recharging | 9 | |
| 6216410284 | Receptor site | Locations on a receptor neuron into which a specific neurotransmitter fits like a key into a lock. | 10 | |
| 6216410285 | Reuptake | A neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron | 11 | |
| 6216410286 | Endorphin | "Morphine within" - natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure. | 12 | |
| 6216410287 | Plasticity | Ability of brain tissue to modify itself and take on new functions. | 13 | |
| 6216410292 | Acetylcholine (ACh) | Muscle contraction, Learning, Memory | 14 | |
| 6216410293 | Norepinephrine (NE) | Fight or Flight, Learning, Memory Retrieval | 15 | |
| 6216410294 | Dopamine | Pleasurable Sensations | 16 | |
| 6216410295 | Serotonin | Mood and Emotional States | 17 | |
| 6216410296 | Endorphins | Pain reduction | 18 | |
| 6216410297 | Central nervous system (CNS) | A system that includes the brain and spinal cord, controlling voluntary and involuntary acts | 19 | |
| 6216410298 | Peripheral Nervous System | nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord. | 20 | |
| 6216410299 | Cerebral Cortex | outermost part of forebrain, responsible for analyzing sensory processing and higher brain functions | 21 | |
| 6216410302 | Corpus Callosum | A thick band of nerve fibers that connects large areas of the cerebral cortex on each side of the brain and supports communication of information across the hemispheres. | 22 | |
| 6216410303 | Frontal Lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement | 23 | |
| 6216410304 | Motor cortex | An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements | 24 | |
| 6216410306 | Broca's area | Controls language expression - an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech. | 25 | |
| 6216410307 | Parietal Lobe | upper middle part of the cerebral cortex lying behind the frontal lobe that is specialized for touch and perception | 26 | |
| 6216410308 | Temporal lobe | lower part of cerebral cortex that plays roles in hearing, understanding language, and memory | 27 | |
| 6216410309 | Wernicke's Area | part of the temporal lobe involved in understanding speech | 28 | |
| 6216410310 | Occipital Lobe | back part of cerebral cortex specialized for vision | 29 | |
| 6216410313 | Limbic System | emotional center of brain that also plays roles in smell, motivation, and memory | 30 | |
| 6216410314 | Thalamus | A structure that processes sensory information for all senses, except smell, and relays it to the cerebral cortex. | 31 | |
| 6216410315 | Hypothalamus | Structure below the thalamus, responsible for maintaining homeostasis | 32 | |
| 6216410316 | Amyglada | part of limbic system that plays key roles in fear, excitement, and arousal | 33 | |
| 6216410317 | Hippocampus | part of the brain that plays a role in memory | 34 | |
| 6216410318 | Cerebellum | Balance and coordination | 35 | |
| 6216410319 | Brain Stem | part of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebral cortex that contains the reticular formation, pons, and medulla | 36 | |
| 6216410321 | Reticular Formation | brain area that plays a key role in arousal | 37 | |
| 6216410323 | Pons | part of the brain stem that connects the cortex with the cerebellum and is involved in dreaming | 38 | |
| 6216410324 | Medulla | part of brain stem involved in basic functions, such as heartbeat and breathing | 39 | |
| 6216410325 | Spinal Cord | thick bundle of nerves that conveys signals between the brain and the body | 40 | |
| 6216410326 | Interneuron | Facilitates communication between Afferent and Efferent Neurons | 41 | |
| 6216410327 | Reflex | an automatic motor response to a sensory stimulus | 42 | |
| 6216410328 | Somatic nervous system | part of the nervous system that conveys information between the CNS and the body, controlling and coordinating voluntary movement | 43 | |
| 6216410329 | Autonomic nervous system | part of the nervous system controlling the involuntary actions of our internal organs and glands, which (along with the limbic system) participates in emotion regulation | 44 | |
| 6216410330 | Sympathetic Nervous System | division of the autonomic nervous system engaged during a crisis or after actions requiring fight or flight | 45 | |
| 6216410331 | Parasympathetic Nervous System | division of autonomic nervous system that controls rest and digestion | 46 | |
| 6216410332 | Endocrine System | system of glands and hormones that controls secretion of blood-borne chemical messengers | 47 | |
| 6216410333 | Hormone | chemical released into the bloodstream that influences particular organs and glands | 48 | |
| 6216410334 | Pituitary Gland | master gland that, under the control of the hypothalamus, directs the other glands of the body | 49 | |
| 6216410335 | Adrenal gland | tissue located on top of the kidneys that releases adrenaline and cortisol during states of emotional arousal | 50 | |
| 6216410345 | Afferent Neurons | Sensory neurons that send signals to the brain | 51 | |
| 6216410346 | Efferent Neurons | Motor neurons that send signals away from the brain | 52 | |
| 6216410347 | All-or-Nothing Principle | The neuron fires or it doesn't | 53 | |
| 6216410348 | Antagonist | blocks the receptor site | 54 | |
| 6216410349 | Agonist | mimics a neurotransmitter | 55 |
