15142785600 | yep | 0 | ||
15029429608 | Social Trap | Conflicting parties that become caught in mutually destructive behavior i.e. thinking someone hates you, then you give off bad vibes so they think you hate thEm and they start doing the same thing. Becomes an endless cycle | 1 | |
15029480870 | Mirror-Image Perceptions | Mutual views often held by conflicting parties/people i.e. one side views itself as ethical and peaceful while the other is evil and aggressive, other side thinks the same thing. | 2 | |
15029517348 | Self-fulfilling Prophecy | a belief that leads to its own fulfillment i.e. you wont like a certain teacher/subject so you go in with a bad mindset and therefore dont like the teacher/subject. | 3 | |
15029536132 | Superordinate Goals | shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation i.e. solving gun violence but also keeping freedom requires both parties. | 4 | |
15029549429 | GRIT | Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction - a strategy designed to decrease international tensions. | 5 | |
15030684146 | Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) | The tendency for observers when analyzing others behaviors to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition. | 6 | |
15030757824 | Dispositional attribution/internal attribution | Inferring that personal factors are the cause of an event or behavior. | 7 | |
15030787370 | foot-in-the-door phenomenon | the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request | 8 | |
15030792908 | cognitive dissonance theory | the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent | 9 | |
15030810017 | altruism | unselfish regard for the welfare of others | 10 | |
15030821651 | bystander effect | the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present | 11 | |
15030832047 | social exchange theory | the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs | 12 | |
15030837276 | reciprocacy norm | an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them | 13 | |
15030843033 | social-responsibility norm | an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them | 14 | |
15030848288 | conflict | a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas | 15 | |
15030868791 | parallel processing | the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers and of conscious problem solving. | 16 | |
15030878829 | Explicit memories (declarative memories) | memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" | 17 | |
15030903544 | Implicit memories (nondeclarative memories) | retention independent of conscious recollection | 18 | |
15030927234 | echoic memory | Attention elsewhere but words can still recalled within 3 or 4 seconds | 19 | |
15030947330 | shallow processing | encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words | 20 | |
15030953323 | deep processing | encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the best retention | 21 | |
15030959263 | semantic distinctiveness | Odd one out | 22 | |
15030966345 | serial position effect | Stuff in middle is "blurry" | 23 | |
15030977384 | Frontal lobes | Memory processing, left and right process different types(left passwords,etc. Right, visual,etc.) | 24 | |
15030993883 | Hippocampus | Center in the limbic system helps process explicit memories. When left damaged trouble with verbal info when right damaged, trouble with locations and visual designs. | 25 | |
15031026044 | Cereblellum | Key role in forming and storing implicit memories created by classic conditioning. | 26 | |
15031060099 | basal ganglia | deep brain structures involved in motor movement, facilitate formation of our procedural memories for skills | 27 | |
15031162438 | Amygdala | two lima bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion. | 28 | |
15031167183 | Semantic | general knowledge | 29 | |
15031175721 | Episodic | Specific knowledge to you | 30 | |
15031179360 | long-term potentiation(LTP) | an increase in a cell's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory | 31 | |
15031184933 | mood-congruent memory | the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood | 32 | |
15031190033 | Priming | the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response | 33 | |
15031200971 | context dependant memory | Memorizing people's names based on where they sit in a room | 34 | |
15031212992 | proactive interference | Old learning effects new learning | 35 | |
15031217350 | retroactive interference | New learning effects old knowledge | 36 | |
15031224301 | motivated forgetting | People unknowingly revise their memories | 37 | |
15031234480 | anterograde amnesia | An inability to form new memories | 38 | |
15031237358 | retrograde amnesia | An inability to recall information from past | 39 | |
15031249547 | Yuppies | young, urban professionals who wore ostentatious gear such Rolex watches or BMW cars. They came to symbolize the increased pursuit of wealth and materialism of Americans in the 1980s. | 40 | |
15142432372 | Latin definition of Psychology | Study of the soul | 41 | |
15142439956 | Current Definition of Psychology | the study of the mind and mental processes | 42 | |
15142455731 | Lev Vygotsky | Social-Cultural Psychologist, community plays large role in "making meaning", Social learning tends to precede development. | 43 | |
15142482410 | sociocultural perspective | cultural factors such as language, art, social norms, and social structures shape mental processes and cognitive abilities. | 44 | |
15142498791 | Endel Tulving (1985) | helped separate declarative memory into Episodic and Semantic memory. Retrieval separated into storage found where memory in brain happens | 45 | |
15142642779 | Evolutionary Perspective | useful mental and psychological traits like memory, perception, or language, are adaptions, or functional products of natural selection. Key Words; Survive, Reproduce | 46 | |
15142736558 | R. Roger Sperry and Michael Gazzaniga | corpus calloscotomy alleviate epileptic seizures- can effect behavior and agency split brain syndrome. can be like split personalities-different behaviors. | 47 | |
15142790103 | Elizabeth Loftus | cognition and memory; studied repressed memories and false memories; showed how easily memories could be changed and falsely created by techniques such as leading questions and illustrating the inaccuracy in eyewitness testimony | 48 | |
15339458235 | nature-nurture issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture | 49 | |
15339467442 | biopsychosocial approach | an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis | 50 | |
15339473100 | Psychometrics | the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits | 51 | |
15339486320 | positive psychology | the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive | 52 | |
15339495580 | quantitative psychologists | Psychologists who develop and use statistical tools to analyze research data | 53 | |
15339505638 | forensic psychologists | apply psychological principles to legal issues | 54 | |
15339517500 | hindsight bias (I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon) | the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it | 55 | |
15339524688 | overconfidence | the tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments. | 56 | |
15339536230 | perceiving order in random events | Humans want to see a whole rather than parts we tend to connect the parts to create one logical line of thinking | 57 | |
15339542507 | scientific attitude | curiosity, skepticism, humility | 58 | |
15339547988 | operational definitions | a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study | 59 | |
15339558648 | sampling bias | a flawed sampling process that produces an unrepresentative sample | 60 | |
15339567325 | confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence | 61 | |
15339574175 | correlation coefficient | a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1 to +1) | 62 | |
15339580897 | ASSOCIATION DOES NOT PROVE CAUSATION | ASSOCIATION DOES NOT PROVE CAUSATION | 63 | |
15339593892 | illusory causation | the perception of a relationship where none exists | 64 | |
15339601573 | confounding variable | a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment | 65 | |
15339607227 | Case study pros and cons | + Allow observation of a rare or infrequent situation + Can generate new ideas, perspectives and techniques + Challenge existing assumptions - Observers are typically biased - Situations and outcomes can be subjective - Inherently idiographic | 66 | |
15339611412 | Survey pros and cons | + fast, lot more data, ways to do it without sampling bias, etc. -can be very affected by any sampling bias or wording effects | 67 | |
15339647444 | naturalistic observation pros and cons | + Unbiased info, large sample size, - not good for cause and effect, time consuming | 68 | |
15339666909 | Validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to | 69 | |
15339685056 | behavioral sink | area in which the negative effects of high density are intensified rats | 70 | |
15339690662 | yupps | yeuh | 71 | |
15701388409 | frontal lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement | 72 | |
15701392728 | temporal lobe | An area on each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex near the temples that is the primary receiving area for auditory information | 73 | |
15701398614 | Peripheral Lobe | top of brain, discriminates between textures and shapes | 74 | |
15701398615 | occipital lobe | A region of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information | 75 | |
15702652662 | ventricles of the brain | Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid. Ventricles are also found in the heart. They are the two lower chambers of the heart. | 76 | |
15702656592 | cingulate gyrus | a strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres, just above the corpus callosum | 77 | |
15702656593 | Thalamus | the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla | 78 | |
15702659574 | Hypothalamus | part of the brain above the thalamus that controls the pituitary gland and therefore the endocrine system. It is responsible for homeostasis | 79 | |
15702663622 | optic chamber | where optic nerves cross on route to the thalamus to occcipital lobe | 80 | |
15702675160 | pituitary gland | The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. | 81 | |
15702678621 | Midbrain | A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates sensory information and relays it upward. | 82 | |
15702678622 | Pons | A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain | 83 | |
15702682468 | medulla oblongata | Part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion. | 84 | |
15702686342 | Meninges | three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord | 85 | |
15702689221 | cerebral cortex | The intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information-processing center.(outer layer of cerebrum) | 86 | |
15702706580 | Cerebrum | Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body | 87 | |
15702710146 | corpus callosum | the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them | 88 | |
15702710148 | pineal gland | secretes melatonin | 89 | |
15702713931 | Cerebellum | A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills. | 90 | |
15702802301 | premotor cortex | a region of nonprimary motor cortex just anterior to the primary motor cortex | 91 | |
15702809147 | Broca's area | Controls language expression - an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech. | 92 | |
15702813379 | premotor area | responsible for thinking of movement to be made | 93 | |
15702820267 | olfactory cortex | smell | 94 | |
15702827162 | auditory area | temporal lobe, interprets hearing | 95 | |
15702832080 | auditory cortex | the area of the temporal lobe responsible for processing sound information | 96 | |
15702841343 | Wernicke's area | controls language reception - a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe | 97 | |
15702845967 | visual cortex | The visual processing areas of cortex in the occipital and temporal lobes. | 98 | |
15702850069 | visual association area | interprets information acquired through the primary visual cortex | 99 | |
15718672502 | limbic system | A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. | 100 | |
15718985744 | sympathetic nervous system | the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations | 101 | |
15718985747 | parasympathetic nervous system | the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy | 102 | |
15792499075 | Reward pathway in the brain | Pleasure center, where pleasure seems to be so desired that the animal will continue to behave in such a manner that the pleasure received. The desire for pleasure over-rides other drives | 103 | |
15792561990 | nucleus accumbens | a subcortical structure that participates in reward and addiction | 104 | |
15792566754 | Seratonin pathway | Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is synthesized, stored, and released by specific neurons in this pathway. ... For example, the serotonin neurons in the neocortex in the front of the brain (frontal cortex) regulate cognition, memory, and perceptions | 105 | |
15794946798 | parietal lobe | receives sensory input for touch and body position | 106 | |
15812520490 | left brain functions | analytic thought, logic, language, science and math | 107 | |
15812817281 | right brain functions | holistic thought, intuition, creativity, art and music | 108 | |
15812817282 | yeah | 109 |
AP Psychology Flashcards
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