Terms : Hide Images
| 6106928395 | Cognition | the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating | 0 | |
| 6106928396 | Concept | a mental grouping of similar events, objects, ideas, or people | 1 | |
| 6106928397 | Prototype | a mental image or best example of a category; matching new items to the prototype provides a quick and easy method for including items in a category (as when comparing feathered creatures to a prototypical bird, such as a robin) | 2 | |
| 6106928398 | Algorithm | a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem; contrasts with the usually speedier, but also more error-prone, use of heuristics | 3 | |
| 6106928399 | Heuristic | a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms | 4 | |
| 6106928400 | Insight | a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions | 5 | |
| 6106928401 | Confirmation Bias | a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions | 6 | |
| 6106928402 | Fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving | 7 | |
| 6106928403 | Mental Set | a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past | 8 | |
| 6106928404 | Functional Fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving | 9 | |
| 6106928405 | Representativeness Heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information | 10 | |
| 6106928406 | Availability Heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their ability in memory; if instances come readily to mind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common | 11 | |
| 6106928407 | Overconfidence | the tendency to be more confident than correct -to overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs and judgements | 12 | |
| 6106928408 | Framing | the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgements | 13 | |
| 6106928409 | Belief Bias | the tendency for one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid | 14 | |
| 6106928410 | Belief Perserverence | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited | 15 | |
| 6106928411 | Language | our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning | 16 | |
| 6106928412 | Phoneme | in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit | 17 | |
| 6106928413 | Morpheme | in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or part of a word (like a prefix) | 18 | |
| 6106928414 | Grammar | in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others | 19 | |
| 6106928415 | Semantics | the set of rules by which we derive the meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning | 20 | |
| 6106928416 | Syntax | the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language | 21 | |
| 6106928417 | Babbling Stage | beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language | 22 | |
| 6106928418 | One-Word Stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks in mostly single words | 23 | |
| 6106928419 | Two-Word Stage | beginning at about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements | 24 | |
| 6106928420 | Telegraphic Speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram - "go car" - using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting auxiliary words | 25 | |
| 6106928421 | Linguistic Determinism | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think | 26 |
