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AP Psychology Unit 7B: Cognition and language Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5651535280Concepta mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people0
5651539835Prototypea mental image or best example of a category1
5651546069AlgorithmA step-by-step procedure that leads to a definite solution.2
5651548310Representative Heuristicjudging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes3
5651553337Availability HeuristicEstimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common4
5651555947Insighta sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem5
5651567346Creativitythe ability to produce novel and valuable ideas6
5651570356Confirmation Biasa tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence7
5651572552FixationThe inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an obstacle to problem solving.8
5651580032Mental Seta tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past9
5651583446Functional FixednessThe tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.10
5651592627Overconfidencethe tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements11
5651595125Belief PerseveranceOne maintains his/or belief even after being proven wrong12
5651597801Framingthe way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.13
5651602624Phonemessmallest unit of sound14
5651605798MorphemesThe smallest units of meaning in a language.15
5651613081Babblingstage of language development at about 4 months when an infant spontaneously utters nonsense sounds16
5651617326Telegraphic Speechearly speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs.17

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