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| 13618675510 | Federalist No. 10 | A large, diverse republic is the best way to control/tame the influence of factions | 0 | |
| 13618679516 | Brutus No. I | The new government set up by the Constitution is all-too powerful; a confederation would be better | 1 | |
| 13618682143 | Declaration of Independence | Document based on human liberty and consent of the governed; advocated a government set up freely by the people who maintain natural rights of life, liberty , and the pursuit of happiness. | 2 | |
| 13618685417 | Articles of Confederation | U.S.'s first constitution that had no executive or national judiciary and based on heavy state sovereignty, ultimately creating a too-weak national government | 3 | |
| 13618689454 | The U.S. Constitution | A document that sets up a federal republic with three independent, coequal branches of government and a Bill of Rights to limit government and protect individual liberty. | 4 | |
| 13618692285 | Federalist No. 51 | Separation of powers and checks & balances allow for an effective national government but will also protect individuals' liberties | 5 | |
| 13618699933 | Letter From a Birmingham Jail | Encouraged non-violent protest against segregation and claimed that "justice too long delayed is justice denied." | 6 | |
| 13618704968 | Federalist No. 70 | A single executive is most effective because he/she can more easily be held accountable | 7 | |
| 13618709744 | Federalist No. 78 | Advocates creating the "least powerful" branch of government that can settle disputes, check the other two branches, and be politically insulated with lifetime appointments. | 8 | |
| 13618714412 | Marbury v. Madison | Establishes the power of Judicial Review of the Supreme Court | 9 | |
| 13618717776 | McCulloch v. Maryland | Congress does have Implied Powers and the Supremacy Clause gives the national government power to supersede state action; e.g. taxing a national bank | 10 | |
| 13618725788 | Schenck v. United States | Upholds national Sedition & Espionage laws, allowing government to limit speech if it constitutes a "clear & present danger." | 11 | |
| 13618728603 | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas | Overruled the Plessy v. Ferguson doctrine of "separate but equal;" banned racial segregation in public schools | 12 | |
| 13618732886 | Baker v. Carr | Allows the Supreme Court to rule on state redistricting disputes; paves the way for the "one person, one vote" principle | 13 | |
| 13618737690 | Engel v. Vitale | Schools cannot sanction a voluntary prayer even if it is non-denominational; violation of the Establishment Clause | 14 | |
| 13618744693 | Gideon v. Wainright | Incorporates the 6th Amendment's guaranteed right to counsel even if the accused cannot afford one; i.e. public defender | 15 | |
| 13618751941 | Tinker v. Des Moines | Student speech can be limited in schools if it disrupts the learning environment or violates others' rights; students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the school house door." | 16 | |
| 13618756851 | NY Times v. United States | The U.S. must maintain a free press unless the government can prove a national security threat; the president may not hide information (Pentagon Papers) from the public | 17 | |
| 13618762682 | Wisconsin v. Yoder | Incorporates the Free Exercise Clause: states can't force people to go to school if they object on religious/moral grounds. | 18 | |
| 13618770915 | Roe v. Wade | Enhanced privacy rights from precedent case Griswold v. Connecticut by legalizing abortion | 19 | |
| 13618774579 | Shaw v. Reno | "Bizarrely shaped" congressional districts are indicative of racial gerrymandering and thus unconstitutional | 20 | |
| 13618783606 | United States v. Lopez | Congress took unconstitutional power in using the Commerce Clause to ban guns in all U.S. school zones. | 21 | |
| 13618789118 | McDonald v. Chicago | Incorporates the 2nd Amendment: overturns a state law regulating citizen access to handguns | 22 | |
| 13618794855 | Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission | Government ban on political spending by corporations or labor unions violates the 1st Amendment guarantee of free speech. "Money is speech; Corporations are people." | 23 |
